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Updated February 27, 2023
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
FY2023 Budget Request and Appropriations
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) is an agency of the Department of Commerce
whose mission is to understand and predict changes in
weather, climate, oceans, and coasts; to share that
information with others; and to conserve and manage
coastal and marine ecosystems and resources. NOAA's
work is divided among six line offices: National
Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service
(NESDIS); National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS);
National Ocean Service (NOS); National Weather Service
(NWS); Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
(OAR); and Office of Marine and Aviation Operations
(OMAO). NOAA also is supported by Mission Support
(MS), which provides planning, leadership, finances,
information technology, educational programming, and
other support across NOAA's line offices.
Congress provides NOAA with annual mandatory and
discretionary appropriations. Mandatory appropriations,
which generally comprise a small percentage of total
NOAA funding, are disbursed to various accounts that
support programs in NOS, NMFS, and OMAO. NOAA's
discretionary appropriations typically are included in the
annual Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies
appropriations act. Discretionary appropriations support
two broad accounts-Operations, Research, and Facilities
(ORF) and Procurement, Acquisition, and Construction
(PAC)-as well as a few smaller accounts. This CRS
product focuses on NOAA's FY2023 discretionary funding
for ORF and PAC. The product also notes potential issues
for Congress, including NOAA's satellite operations,
climate-related products and services, and economic
development activities.
Agency Funding
NOAA requested $7.20 billion in discretionary direct
obligations for ORF and PAC for FY2023, including $6.82
billion in appropriations (Table 1). Direct obligations
include annual appropriations, transfers, and recoveries
from prior year obligations. Congress provided $6.54
billion for ORF and PAC direct obligations for FY2023 in
P.L. 117-328 (Figure 1), including $6.15 billion in
appropriations. Figure 1 does not show supplemental
appropriations; Table 1 includes some supplemental funds.
The FY2023 enacted amounts included $111.5 million for
community project funding or congressionally directed
spending items. The NOAA FY2023 enacted annual
amount is $426.0 million above the FY2022 enacted level
and $660.0 million below the FY2023 requested amount.
Figure 1. ORF and PAC Annual Direct Obligations,
FY20 1 4-FY2023 ($ in billions, nominal and adjusted)
e Congress Enacted
$8 billions
Adjusted amounts
$7
$6
$5
$4
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Sources: CRS, from NOAA budget justifications, congressional
explanatory statements, and OMB, Historical Tables, Table 10.1.
Notes: ORF = Operations, Research, and Facilities; PAC =
Procurement, Acquisition, and Construction. Figure does not include
supplemental appropriations. Lighter shaded areas denote amounts
adjusted for inflation. Direct obligations include appropriations,
transfers, and recoveries from prior year obligations.
Supplemental Appropriations Available in FY2023
Congress also has provided NOAA with supplemental
appropriations for ORF and PAC that may be used through
FY2023 and beyond, including
* $145.0 million for expenses related to hurricanes and
wildfires in 2020 and 2021 (P.L. 117-43);
* $2.79 billion for restoration, observation, modeling,
forecasting activities, and other purposes (Infrastructure
Investment and Jobs Act [IIJA]; P.L. 117-58);
* $3.31 billion for conservation, restoration, protection,
construction, reviews, research and forecasting,
computing capacity, aircraft acquisition, and other
purposes (P.L. 117-169, often referred to as the Inflation
Reduction Act of 2022); and
* $527.5 million for expenses related to hurricanes,
typhoons, flooding, and wildfires in 2022; fishing gear
and techniques; aircraft acquisition and other uses (P.L.
117-328)
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NOAA Recaue5ted
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