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1 1 (January 19, 2023)

handle is hein.crs/govekic0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional ____ Sa Research Service EII ~ Inforrning the Iegislative debate since 1914 Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Hazard Mitigation Assistance Updated January 19, 2023 Introduction The majority of funding in the United States for both pre- and post-disaster mitigation comes from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), which defines mitigation as any sustained action to reduce or eliminate long-term risk to people and property from natural hazards and their effects. Mitigation actions have a long-term impact, as opposed to actions associated with immediate preparedness, response, and recovery activities. A widely cited study by the Multihazard Mitigation Council found that society saves $6 for every dollar spent on mitigation funded through major federal mitigation grants. FEMA administers three hazard mitigation grant programs and one loan program, collectively referred to as Hazard Mitigation Assistance (HMA): Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP); Flood Mitigation Assistance Grant Program (FMA); Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities (BRIC), which replaced the Pre- Disaster Mitigation (PDM) Grant Program; and Safeguarding Tomorrow Revolving Loan Fund Program (STRLF). Eligible applicants for the grant programs include state and local governments and federally recognized tribes. Certain nonprofit organizations may apply for HMGP. Individuals may not apply for HMA funding, but may benefit from a community application. Eligible entities for STRLF are states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and federally-recognized tribes with major disaster declarations between January 1, 2016 and January 1, 2021. Applicants to all four programs must have FEMA- approved hazard mitigation plans. Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11187 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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