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~ Research Service
Election Worker Safety and Privacy
Updated August 1, 2022
Concerns about election workers' safety and privacy have been reported following the 2020 election, in
news reports and testimony before House and Senate committees. Some election workers have raised
concerns about physical safety while performing official duties, as well as more general threats outside
the workplace or related psychological effects. These threats, along with a perceived increase in
politically motivated job scrutiny, have led some to leave, or consider leaving, their roles.
This Insight provides a brief overview of recent developments, legislative proposals, and policy
considerations related to election worker safety and privacy.
Background
Federal law prohibits certain types of intimidation of or interference with election workers, including
intimidation to discourage serving as a poll watcher or election official or intimidation as a result of such
service (18 U.S.C. §245); interference by members of the Armed Forces with election officials' exercise
of their duties (18 U.S.C. §593); and intimidation for helping voters register (52 U.S.C. §20511) or vote
(52 U.S.C. @§ 10307, 20511). Many states have laws that address other threats to election workers, such as
through privacy protections for election commissioners. More general laws-such as prohibitions against
voter intimidation (e.g. 52 U.S.C. @@10101, 10307, 20511) or harassing or threatening interstate
communications-might also apply to some conduct.
Some state and local officials have responded to recent reports of threats to election workers with
administrative action or legislative proposals. Election officials have included local law enforcement in
poll worker trainings, for example, and implemented new security measures in their offices. Bills to
establish new prohibitions or protections have been introduced or enacted in state legislatures, including a
Michigan proposal to prohibit intimidation of election workers, a Washington State bill to extend existing
privacy protections to election officials, and a Colorado law providing for new protections against doxing
and intimidation.
Recent Federal Developments
The executive branch has taken recent actions on election worker safety and privacy concerns. On July
29, 2021, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) announced the creation of an Election Threats Task Force
Congressional Research Service
https://crsreports.congress.gov
IN11831
CRS INSIGHT
Prepared for Members and
Committees of Congress

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