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1 1 (November 4, 2021)

handle is hein.crs/govehka0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional ____ aResearch Service nfrrming the Iegislative debte since 1914 Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Hazard Mitigation Assistance Updated November 4, 2021 Introduction The majority of funding in the United States for both pre- and post-disaster mitigation comes from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), which defines mitigation as any sustained action to reduce or eliminate long-term risk to people and property from natural hazards and their effects. Mitigation actions have a long-term impact, as opposed to actions associated with immediate preparedness, response, and recovery activities. Mitigation has been shown to save money. Arecent study by the Multihazard Mitigation Council found that society saves $6 for every dollar spent on mitigation funded through major federal mitigation grants. FEMA administers three hazard mitigation grant programs, collectively referred to as Hazard Mitigation Assistance (HMA): Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP); Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) Grant Program; Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities (BRIC), which replaced the Pre- Disaster Mitigation (PDM) Grant Program. Eligible applicants include state and local governments and federally-recognized tribes. Certain nonprofit organizations may apply for HMGP. Individuals may not apply for HMA funding, but they may benefit from a community application. Applicants to all three programs must have FEMA-approved hazard mitigation plans. Eligible activities differ for the three programs. The Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) The Hazard Mitigation Grant Program is authorized by Section 404 of the Stafford Act (42 U.S.C. §5170c). HMGP assistance is triggered by a major disaster declaration from the President or a Fire Management Assistance Grant (FMAG) and is funded through the Disaster Relief Fund (DRF). The key purpose of the HMGP program is to ensure that the reconstruction process following a disaster addresses opportunities to include mitigation measures to reduce the loss of life and property from future disasters. Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11187 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Membersand Committeesof Congress

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