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1 1 (April 7, 2022)

handle is hein.crs/govefod0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional *.Research Service inforrring the Iegislative debate since 1914___________________ Hungary's 2022 Election: Issues for Congress April 7, 2022 Hungary's parliamentary election on April 3, 2022, resulted in a victory for the incumbent Fidesz party, led by Prime Minister Viktor Orbin. Fidesz defeated a six-party alliance of opposition parties, winning 53.1% of the popular vote and 135 out of 199 seats in Hungary's unicameral parliament. The conservative-nationalist Fidesz has won the past four Hungarian elections, each with a two-thirds parliamentary supermajority, and has led the government of Hungary since 2010. The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe concluded that the 2022 election was well-managed but was conducted on an uneven playing field due to overlap between state and party and the dominance of pro- government media. Orbin's renewed leadership likely signifies continued tensions between Hungary and the rest of the European Union (EU), as well as the United States, over various issues. Issues for Congress A member of NATO and the EU, Hungary factors into numerous areas of congressional interest. Members of the 117th Congress may monitor policies and developments in Hungary in relation to the allied response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, European energy dependence on Russia, China's influence in Europe, and criticisms over democratic backsliding. Hungary's Response to Russia's Invasion of Ukraine Hungary's government has condemned Russia's attack against Ukraine and has expressed support for Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity. Hungary has backed the EU sanctions adopted against Russia since the invasion, which the 27 EU member countries must approve by consensus. Hungary also has played a central humanitarian role in the refugee crisis, with nearly 405,000 refugees arriving from Ukraine between February 24 and April 6, 2022. (Hungary and Ukraine share an 85-mile border; see Figure 1.) On March 23, NATO announced it would deploy a new multinational battlegroup to Hungary as part of the alliance's reinforcement of its eastern flank. At the same time, observers have strongly criticized aspects of Hungary's response to the invasion. As most NATO countries arranged emergency deliveries of weapons to Ukraine, Hungary ruled out providing Ukraine with military assistance or allowing the use of its territory to transport arms into Ukraine. Hungarian officials repeatedly have asserted that their government's priority is to stay out of the war. Many observers have pointed to Orbin's close relationship with Russian President Vladimir Putin to criticize Hungary's arguably ambivalent stance toward the war. In a March 25 speech to EU leaders, Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11909 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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