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    Congressional
a Research Service
     inforrmng the fegisi fve debate since 1914___________________


Federal Eviction Moratoriums in Response to

the COVID-19 Pandemic



Updated March 30, 2021
On September 4, 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) imposed a nationwide
temporary federal moratorium on residential evictions for nonpayment of rent. The stated purpose of the
order is preventing the further spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), specifically by
preventing homelessness and overcrowded housing conditions resulting from eviction. The action, which
followed an Executive Order directing the CDC to consider such a measure, is unprecedented, both in
terms of the federal reach into what is traditionally state and local governance of landlord-tenant law and
its use of a public health authority for this purpose.
The national eviction moratorium took effect less than two weeks after the expiration of a different and
narrower set of eviction protections established by the CARES Act (§4024).
This Insight compares the two eviction moratoriums across several key features and ends with a review of
implementation issues raised by the CDC moratorium.


Key Features


Time   Period

The CARES  Act eviction moratorium began on March 27, 2020, and ended on July 24, 2020. Covered
tenants could not be forced to vacate, and landlords could not file notices to vacate, until 30 days after the
expiration of the moratorium (August 23, 2020).
The CDC  eviction moratorium took effect September 4, 2020, and was initially slated to extend through
December 31, 2020. However, it was extended legislatively through January 31, 2021, and extended again
by CDC through March 31, 2021. On March 29, 2021, CDC further extended the moratorium until June
30, 2021. The CDC moratorium does not address notices to vacate.





                                                             Congressional Research Service
                                                               https://crsreports.congress.gov
                                                                                 IN11516


CRS INSIGHT
Prepared for Membersand
Committeesof Congress-

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