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  Congressional                                                    ____
SResearch Service
   inforrmng the legislative debate since 1 14____________________


Federal Eviction Moratoriums in Response to

the COVID-19 Pandemic



Updated January 26, 2021

On September 4, 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) imposed a nationwide
temporary federal moratorium on residential evictions due to nonpayment of rent. The stated purpose of
the order is preventing the further spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), specifically by
preventing homelessness and overcrowded housing conditions resulting from eviction. The action, which
followed an Executive Order directing the CDC to consider such a measure, is unprecedented, both in
terms of the federal reach into what is traditionally state and local governance of landlord-tenant law and
its use of a public health authority for this purpose.
The national eviction moratorium took effect less than two weeks after the expiration of a different and
narrower set of eviction protections established by the CARES Act (§4024).
This Insight compares the two eviction moratoriums across several key features and ends with a review of
implementation issues raised by the CDC moratorium.


Key Features


Time   Period

The CARES  Act eviction moratorium began on March 27, 2020 and ended on July 24, 2020. Covered
tenants could not be forced to vacate until 30 days after the expiration of the moratorium (August 23,
2020).
The national eviction moratorium issued by CDC took effect September 4, 2020, and was initially slated
to extend through December 31, 2020, but was extended legislatively through January 31, 2021. On
January 20, 2021, CDC announced its intent to extend the existing eviction moratorium order through
March 31, 2021. It does not address notices to vacate.





                                                              Congressional Research Service
                                                                https://crsreports.congress.gov
                                                                                   IN11516


CRS INSIGHT
Prepared for Members and
Committees of Congress -

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