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              Congressional
           *aResearch Service





Federal Eviction Moratoriums in Response to

the COVID-19 Pandemic



Updated October 8, 2020
On September 4, 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) imposed a nationwide
temporary federal moratorium on residential evictions due to nonpayment of rent. The stated purpose of
the order is preventing the further spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), specifically by
preventing homelessness and overcrowded housing conditions resulting from eviction. The action, which
followed an Executive Order directing the CDC to consider such a measure, is unprecedented, both in
terms of the federal reach into what is traditionally state and local governance of landlord-tenant law and
in its use of a public health authority for this purpose.
The new national eviction moratorium took effect less than two weeks after the expiration of a different
and narrower set of eviction protections established by the CARES Act (§4024).
This Insight compares the two eviction moratoriums across several key features and ends with a review of
some outstanding questions raised by the new moratorium.

Key Features


Time   Period

The CARES  Act eviction moratorium began on March 27, 2020 and ended on July 24, 2020. Covered
tenants could not be forced to vacate until 30 days after the expiration of the moratorium (August 23,
2020).
The new national eviction moratorium issued by CDC took effect September 4, 2020 and extends through
December 31, 2020. Unlike the CARES Act, the CDC order does not address notices to vacate.

Coverage
The CARES  Act eviction moratorium applied to federally related properties, which the act defines as
properties participating in federal assistance programs or with federally backed financing. Researchers


                                                             Congressional Research Service
                                                               https://crsreports.congress.gov
                                                                                 IN11516

CRS INSIGHT
Prepared for Membersand
Committeesof Congress

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