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1 1 (January 6, 2021)

handle is hein.crs/govebdp0001 and id is 1 raw text is: $erv#~e Updated January 6, 2021 Recent Developments in Everglades Restoration Overview What Is the Ewrglades? The Everglades is a unique networkof subtropical wetlands in South Florida. Due in p art to federal water supply and flood controlprojects (as well as agricultural and urban runoff), the ecosystemwas degraded and was approximately half its historical size by the end of the 20th century. The ecosystemis home to a number of unique species, including 67 species listed under the Endangered Species Act (16 U.S.C. § § 1531 et. seq.). What Is CERP? The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) was approvedby Congress in the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 (WRDA 2000; P.L. 106-541). It is a framework under which the federal government, with the State of Florida, is attempting to restore the Everglades and improve the timing, distribution, and quality ofthe water flowing south fromLake Okeechobee to the Everglades. Under CERP, the federal government, through the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the Department of the Interior (DOI), is required to fund half the costs ofrestoration, with the State of Florida contributing the otherhalf. Several tribal and local agencies also are involved in restoration. Originally, CERP was to include 60 projects that would be completed over 30 years at a cost of $8.2billion (in 2000 dollars). Subsequent reports to Congress projected that CERP would take approximately 50 years sinceits authorization to implement at a total cost of $23.2 billion (in FY2020 dollars). As ofFY2020, the federalgovernmenthas spent more than $1.7 billion, and the State ofFlorida has spent an estimated $4.5 billion on CERP in nominal dollars (although much of this state funding is not yet officially credited for Florida's share of the cost). CERP is expected to cost $23.2 billion (FY2020 dollars) and take 50 years to complete. Outside of CERP, complementary efforts to restore the Everglades (most of which predate CERP) are ongoing. The federal government has spent more than $3.5billion on these efforts, collectively referred to as non-CERPprojects. CERP Projects Must Be Authorized by Congress WRDA 2000 approved CERP and the process forits implementation. The law also authorized several pilot projects. Subsequent projects require study by USACEand congressional authorization before they can receive federal appropriations for construction, including credit or reimbursement for nonfederal workundertaken in advance. Severallaws subsequent to WRDA 2000 authorized projects contemplated under CERP. Some projects received appropriations and are under construction. Studies for other CERP projects are in progress (see ). Table I. Status of Recent CERP USACE Projects Construction Project Name Authorization Status Site I Impoundment Picayune Strand Indian River Lagoon- South C-43 West Storage Basin C-I l l Spreader Canal Broward County Water Preserve Areas Biscayne Bay Coastal Wetlands Central Everglades Planning Project (CEPP) Everglades Agricultural Area Reservoir Storage Loxahatchee River Watershed Project Lake Okeechobee Watershed Project Western Everglades Restoration Project Biscayne Bay SE Everglades Southern Everglades WRDA 2007 WRDA 2007 WRDA 2007 WRRDA 2014 WRRDA 2014 WRRDA 2014 WRRDA 2014 WRDA 2016 WRDA 2018 WRDA 2020 n/a n/a n/a n/a Phase I completed Phase II on hold Under construction Under construction Under construction Phase I completed Phase 2 in planning Under construction Under construction Under construction Awaiting federal construction Awaiting construction Study in progress Study in progress Study in progress Studyin progress Source: Congressional Research Service based on the 2015 - 2020 Reportto Congress and enacted legislation. Note: WRDA= Water Resources and Development Act. n/a = not applicable. WRDA2007,WRDA2016, WRDA2018, and WRDA 2020 are P.L. 110-114, P.L. 114-322, P.L. 115-270, and Division AA of P.L. I I 6-260, respectively. WRRDA 20 14 =Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 20 14 (P.L. 113-121). Recent Authorizations Central Everglades Planning Project. The Central Everglades Planning Project (CEPP) is a CERP restoration project that Congress authorized in the Water Resources Development Act of 2016 (P.L. 114-322). CEPP prioritizes https:H/ct sr ports~corigre~

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