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1 1 (August 21, 2020)

handle is hein.crs/govebcw0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional aResearch Service ~ ~~ ~informing the legislative d bate since 1914___________________ 2020 Wildfire Season: Brief Overview of FEMA Programs and Resources August 21, 2020 Introduction This Insight provides a brief overview of Fire Management Assistance Grant (FMAG) declarations and federal assistance programs that may be available for wildfires on nonfederal lands. Wildfire Forecasts and Response Framework The federal government has the responsibility for wildfires that begin on federal lands; states are responsible for wildfires that begin on nonfederal lands. For comingled land ownership, response efforts may be managed jointly across multiple federal, state, tribal, or local agencies. Information on response efforts (e.g., responding agency, assigned resources, and evacuation warnings, orders, and center locations) for ongoing incidents is available from the Incident Information System website. In addition, some states operate incident information websites (e.g., incident information in California). The federal government supports state wildfire response efforts in several ways, including mutual aid agreements, which authorize federal and state resource sharing. The agreements allow for a coordinated interagency response that deploys resources to areas of greatest critical need. Response activities are coordinated regionally through 10 Geographic Area Coordination Centers (GACCs) and nationally through the National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC). In addition to response activities, NIFC and the GACCs coordinate national and regional information regarding wildfire potential through their respective Predictive Services Programs. Daily, weekly, monthly, and seasonal trend forecasts are produced by combining information about fuel (e.g., brush or other ignitable vegetation) conditions, fire danger, and fire weather. Fire weather conditions are derived from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service (NWS). According to NWS, these conditions involve combinations of periods of sustained winds, relative humidity values at or below regional thresholds, and temperatures at or above certain levels occurring in areas that have dry fuels. Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11487 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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