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              Congressional
              Research Servik





Kyrgyz Parliamentary Elections Annulled

Amid Protests and Unrest



Updated October 29, 2020
The Kyrgyz Republic (commonly known  as Kyrgyzstan) faces political upheaval in the wake of disputed
October 4, 2020, parliamentary elections that heavily favored pro-government parties. As a parliamentary
republic that holds contested elections, Kyrgyzstan has long been considered the most democratic country
in Central Asia, with a vibrant civil society and a higher degree of press freedom than found elsewhere in
the region. Promoting a more inclusive and accountable democracy is a stated goal of U.S. foreign policy
in Kyrgyzstan, and Kyrgyzstan is one of 21 countries worldwide that participate in the House Democracy
Partnership. Many Members of Congress and other U.S. policymakers have long voiced support for
consolidating Kyrgyzstan's gains as CentralAsia's only parliamentary democracy. Corruption is
pervasive, however, and political institutions remain weak.

Opposition parties alleged widespread irregularities in the October 4 vote, including vote-buying and
voter intimidation; these assertions were deemed credible by international election observers. Mass
protests broke out in the capital, Bishkek, on October 5, and protestors seized the government building
that houses both Parliament and presidential offices. Hundreds, including multiple parliamentary
candidates, were reportedly injured in clashes with police; one protestor was killed. On October 6, the
Central Election Commission (CEC) announced that the October 4 results had been annulled, resulting in
a power vacuum  as the prime minister, the parliamentary speaker, and other officials announced their
resignations. Although the term of the current parliament had not yet expired, lawmakers had difficulty
establishing a quorum throughout the week of October 5, impeding attempts by some Members of
Parliament to initiate impeachment proceedings against President Sooronbai Jeenbekov and making it
legally impossible to appoint a new prime minister and speaker. In the early hours of October 6, protestom
freed several prominent jailed politicians, including Sadyr Japaro, a former Member of Parliament who
had been serving an 11.5-year sentence for kidnapping. Although most were returned to prison, Japarov,
who  maintains that the charges against him were politically motivated, quickly emerged as a leading
contender for the post of interim prime minister. Known for his nationalist views, Japarov enjoys the
largest social media following of any Kyrgyz politician. After violent clashes between Japarov's
supporters and rival groups on October 9, President Jeenbekov declared a state of emergency, which has
since been lifted. Jeenbekov announced his resignation on October 15, one day after Japarov was
ultimately confirmed as prime minister. Although by law the presidency should have passed to the new

                                                                Congressional Research Service
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