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1 1 (December 9, 2019)

handle is hein.crs/govbfyt0001 and id is 1 raw text is: , . , riE - . $r' h ,,,- i U.S. EPA FY2020 Appropriations p\w -- , gnomgo mppm qq\ , q I aS 11LIANJILiN, Updated December 9, 2019 The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other federal departments and agencies are operating under a continuing resolution (CR), P.L. 116-69 (H.R. 3055), generally at FY2019 enacted levels through December 20, 2019. The legislative vehicle for the CR, H.R. 3055, was previously passed by the House as a five-bill omnibus appropriations on June 25, 2019, and by the Senate as a four-bill amendment on October 31, 2019. Division C of the House- and Senate-passed bills-the Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2020 included funding for EPA. Title II of Division C in House-passed H.R. 3055 would provide $9.53 billion for EPA for FY2020, $3.31 billion (53.1%) above the FY2020 request of $6.22 billion and $264.2 million (2.9%) more than the FY2019 total enacted appropriations of $9.26 billion (includes Titles II and IV of Division E in P.L. 116-6 and emergency supplemental appropriations in Title VII of P.L. 116-20) after rescissions of unobligated balances. Title II of Division C in Senate- passed H.R. 3055 would provide $9.01 billion for EPA for FY2020, $516.9 million (5.4%) less than the House-passed bill, $2.79 billion (44.8%) above the FY2020 request and $252.6 million (2.7%) less than the total FY2019 enacted appropriations after rescissions. Figure 1 presents trends in requested and enacted appropriations for EPA from FY2008 through FY2019 and proposed for FY2020. Figure I. EPA Appropriations: Requested and Enacted FY2008-FY2019, FY2020 Requested and Proposed (Not Adjusted for Inflation) Nominal $ in billions x.Requested Enacted 1 ~ck 2O; ~Sen :4 . ...... $2 Source: CRS using information from the Congressional Record; House, Senate, and conference reports; and EPA's FY2020 Congressional Budget Justification. Enacted amounts reflect rescissions and supplemental appropriations, including $7.22 billion for EPA in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (P.L. 111-5). Unlike recent proposed and enacted appropriations, House- passed H.R. 3055 and the Senate-passed amendment do not include rescissions of unobligated balances for EPA. The President's FY2020 request proposed a total $377.0 million rescission, and P.L. 116-6 rescinded a total of $210.5 million in unobligated balances for FY2019. The funding in the House and Senate-passed bills would generally support the existing federal and state framework for implementing and enforcing requirements under multiple federal pollution control statutes. The bills would not approve the President's request to eliminate funding for certain programs and activities or to return some federal responsibilities to states and reduce funding for state implementation grants. Reported June 3, 2019, Title II of H.R. 3052 (H.Rept. 116- 100) the Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations, 2020 provided the basis for the funding for EPA included in House-passed H.R. 3055. Title II of S. 2580 (S.Rept. 116-123)-the Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations, 2020 provided the basis for the Senate- passed amendment. The House and Senate Appropriations Committees emphasized that the proposed FY2020 appropriations for EPA program activities take into account funding amounts reported in EPA's FY2019 operating plan, which reflect rescission reductions. The Senate committee refers to this adjustment as Budget Rebaselining. E PA A p pr ort A c c ..n. More than a dozen federal laws authorize EPA operations. Funding is annually appropriated to EPA among 10 accounts established by Congress over time: State and Tribal Assistance Grants (STAG), Environmental Programs and Management (EPM), Hazardous Substance Superfund (Superfund), Science and Technology (S&T), Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) Trust Fund Program, Buildings and Facilities, Office of Inspector General, Inland Oil Spill Program, Hazardous Waste Electronic Manifest System Fund, and Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (WIFIA) Program. Historically, the STAG and EPM accounts have received the largest share of funding, followed by the Superfund and S&T accounts. The STAG account funds grants for water infrastructure, brownfields site assessment and remediation, diesel emissions reduction, targeted airsheds, and categorical grants to states and tribes for implementing federal pollution control programs. The EPM account funds additional grants and many cross-cutting agency activities. The Superfund account supports the environmental remediation of priority sites elevated for federal attention. The S&T account funds scientific research to inform agency regulatory decisions. As indicated in Figure 2, the proportional distribution of funding among the EPA appropriations accounts has

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