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Hong Kong's Legislative Council (Legco)
The United States-Hong Kong Policy Act of 1992 (22 and 5 District C
U.S.C. 5701, P.L. 102-383) states, Support for to vote in the fu
democratization is a fundamental principle of United States seats (see Tab]
foreign policy. The development of Hong Kong's Many analysts
Legislative Council, or Legco, has been a fundamental part disproportionat
of Hong Kong's complex and incomplete process of financial sector
democratization, and as such has become a key concern of while the five d
some U.S. policymakers. nearly 3.5 milli
As currently constituted, some of Legco's members are Table I. Legcc
elected via a democratic process, and others are selected by Constituencie
a restricted mandate. Under the 1990 Chinese law (Number of seat
establishing the governance system for the Hong Kong
Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) of the People's Constituency
Republic of China (PRC), known as the Basic Law, the Geographical Co
ultimate aim is the election of all the members of the Hong Kong
Legislative Council (as well as the Chief Executive) by Kowloon Ea
universal suffrage in accordance with the principle of Kowloon 'A
gradual and orderly progress. As a result, Legco plays a New Territ
critical role in both an assessment of democratization in New Territ
Hong Kong, as well as progress toward democratization. Functional Const
k), B N- NAccountanc
-,,re Histry .Af .g<- Agriculture
Legco has a history going back over 170 years marked by Architectur
some progress and some setbacks in democratization. and Land
The first Legco met in 1844, when the city was a British Catering
colony. All Legco members were appointed by Hong Commercia
Kong's Governor until 1985, when 24 of the 57 members Commercia
were selected by limited suffrage. In 1995, the last Legco District Coi
under British rule consisted of 30 members selected by 29 District Co
functional constituencies representing social and Education
economic sectors, 20 members elected by universal suffrage Engineering
in 20 geographical constituencies, and 10 members selected Finance
by an Election Committee. Every registered voter could Financial Ser
vote in one geographical and one functional constituency. Health Servi
The PRC government objected to the manner by which the Heung Yee
1995 Legco was selected, and appointed a 60-member Import and
Provisional Legco on December 21, 1996, which assumed Industrial (F
office on July 1, 1997, the day on which the United Industrial (S
Kingdom transferred sovereignty over Hong Kong to Insurance
China. On May 24, 1998, the first Legco under Chinese Labur
sovereignty was chosen, consisting of 60 members: 20 Lal
elected by universal suffrage, 30 selected by limited Legal
suffrage through 28 functional constituencies, and 10 Real
appointed by the Election Committee. The electors in the 28 Scal Et
functional constituencies included individuals, corporations, Sorts, Pert
and organizations. Between 1998 and 2004, the number of Sports, Perf
Legco members selected by the Election Committee was Texileban
gradually reduced to zero, with the seats being reallocated Touris
to the five geographical constituencies. Tourism
Transport
Legco now has 70 members, with 35 elected by universal Wholesale a
suffrage in 5 geographical constituencies, 30 chosen Source: Hong Kc
Note: Figures in i
through limited suffrage in 28 functional constituencies, corporate/organiz
Updated December 19, 2019
ouncil members elected by voters ineligible
nctional constituencies, the so-called super
le 1). Elections are held every four years.
naintain that the system gives certain groups
e influence in Legco. For instance, the
seat is chosen by 125 financial institutions,
istrict council (second) seats are elected by
on people.
's Geographical and Functional
s in 2016
:s and number of registered electors in 2016)
Seats Electors
nstituencies:
Island 6 627,804
.st 6 601,566
Cest 5 488,129
ories East 9 975,071
ories West 9 1,086,515
ituencies:
y I 26,008
and Fisheries I 152
al, Surveying, Planning, I 7,371
scape
I 5,485
I (First) I 1,045
I (Second) I 1,491
uncil (First) I 431
uncil (Second) 5 3,473,792
I 88,185
I 9,406
I 125
rvices I 622
ices I 37,423
Kuk I 147
Export I 1,400
irst) I 544
econd) I 769
Technology I 12,115
I 134
3 668
I 6,773
I 11,19 1
and Construction I 714
[re I 13,824
orming Arts, Culture, I 2,920
cations
Garments I 2,332
I 1,426
I 195
[nd Retail I 6,727
ing Electoral Affairs Commission.
talics include both individual and
ational electors.
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