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1 1 (June 24, 2019)

handle is hein.crs/govbafb0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional *.Research Service Cuba: Trump Administration Expands Sanctions Updated June 24, 2019 Since April 2019, the Trump Administration has imposed a series of increasingly strong economic sanctions against Cuba, effectively ending the previous policy of engagement begun by the Obama Administration in 2014 that had eased some sanctions and moved toward the normalization of relations. As a result, U.S. policy toward Cuba again is centered on economic pressure aimed at influencing the Cuban government's behavior with regard to not only Cuba's human rights record but also its support to the Venezuelan regime of Nicolas Maduro. Congress traditionally has played an important role in shaping U.S. policy toward Cuba through legislation and oversight, but it has appeared divided over Cuba the past decade, with some favoring engagement and others favoring strong sanctions. Background: Trump Administration Ratchets Up Sanctions in 2017 In June 2017, President Trump issued a national security presidential memorandum on Cuba rolling back the Obama Administration's efforts to normalize relations and introducing new sanctions, including restrictions on transactions with companies controlled by the Cuban military and the elimination of people-to-people educational travel for individuals. To implement these changes, the Treasury and Commerce Departments amended, respectively, the Cuban Assets Control Regulations (31 C.F.R. Part 515) and the Export Administration Regulations (15 C.F.R. Parts 740 and 746) in November 2017. The amended regulations required people-to-people travel to be under the auspices of an organization specializing in such travel and prohibited financial transactions with entities controlled by the Cuban military, intelligence, or security services that appear on a State Department-maintained list. The State Department first issued its restricted list of Cuban entities in November 2017 and has updated it several times, most recently in April 2019. The current list includes 214 entities and subentities, including more than 100 hotels. Trump Administration Ramps Up Sanctions in 2019 In 2019, the Administration has increased economic sanctions significantly: * Efforts to Stop Venezuelan Oil Exports to Cuba. On April 5, April 12, and May 10, 2019, pursuant to Executive Order 13850 (related to U.S. sanctions on Venezuela), the Treasury Department imposed financial sanctions on eight shipping companies and seven Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11120 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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