About | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline
LOG IN
LOG IN

1 1 (February 2, 2001)

handle is hein.crs/crsuntaajza0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Order Code 98-728 GOV Updated February 2, 2001 %4CRS Report for Congress Bills, Resolutions, Nominations, and Treaties: Origins, Deadlines, Requirements, and Uses Richard S. Beth Specialist in the Legislative Process Government and Finance Division In each chamber of Congress, four forms of legislative measure may be introduced (or, for resolutions, submitted) and acted on: (1) bills, (2) joint resolutions, (3) concurrent resolutions, and (4) resolutions of one house (simple resolutions). The rules of the two houses include references to these four types of measures, and generally take for granted the distinctions among them, which have developed in the course of congressional history. Today, a bill or joint resolution is used when the purpose is to make law; a joint resolution is also used for the purpose of proposing an amendment to the Constitution. The other two forms of resolutions are used for internal business of Congress itself. In addition, under the Constitution the Senate acts on two forms of executive business: (1) nominations and (2) treaties. Executive business is so called because it is transmitted by the President, who must obtain the advice and consent of the Senate before the nomination or treaty becomes effective. The table on the following page compares the formal characteristics and uses of these six different kinds of business before Congress: * Form of Business: bill, joint resolution, concurrent resolution, simple resolution, nomination, or treaty. * Designation: series in which the measure or executive business is numbered. * Origin: who may formally introduce, submit, or transmit to Congress the measure or executive business. * Deadline for action: point at which the measure or executive business ceases to be available for action (unless earlier disposed of). * Requirements for approval: institutions required to act for the measure or executive business to be approved. Use: purpose or product that results from successful action on the measure or executive business. Congressional Research Service lUlI111 Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

What Is HeinOnline?

HeinOnline is a subscription-based resource containing thousands of academic and legal journals from inception; complete coverage of government documents such as U.S. Statutes at Large, U.S. Code, Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, U.S. Reports, and much more. Documents are image-based, fully searchable PDFs with the authority of print combined with the accessibility of a user-friendly and powerful database. For more information, request a quote or trial for your organization below.



Short-term subscription options include 24 hours, 48 hours, or 1 week to HeinOnline.

Purchase Access

Already a HeinOnline Subscriber?

Log In

profiles profiles most