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1 (November 13, 2007)

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                                                                Order Code RS22673
                                                          Updated November 13, 2007





         CRS Report for Congress



 Chemical Regulation in the European Union:
   Registration, Evaluation, and Authorization

                           of Chemicals

                           Linda-Jo Schierow
                    Specialist in Environmental Policy
                    Resources, Science, and Industry

Summary


     On June 1, 2007, the European Union (EU) began to implement a new law,
 Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), in EU
 commerce. It is intended to protect human health and the environment from hazardous
 chemicals while at the same time protecting the competitiveness of European industry.
 REACH evolved over eight years and reflects compromises reached among EU
 stakeholders. The final regulation reduces and coordinates EU regulatory requirements
 for chemicals new to the EU market and increases collection of such information for
 chemicals already in the EU market, thus potentially removing disincentives to
 innovation. It also shifts responsibility for safety assessments from government to
 industry and encourages substitution of less toxic for more toxic chemicals in various
 chemical applications. The Bush Administration expressed concerns about its trade
 implications for U.S.-produced chemicals. U.S. chemical industry representatives
 believe that REACH is impractical. In contrast, some public-interest groups are urging
 U.S. legislators to adopt a similar legislative approach.


    Depending on one's point of view, new chemicals legislation in the European Union
(EU) is likely to vastly improve environmental and public health protections and serve as
a model for future U.S. law, or it might unnecessarily burden commercial enterprises with
regulations and interfere with international trade. The subject of such conjecture is a new
EU law for Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals
(REACH) in EU commerce, which went into force June 1, 2007.

Background

    On June 1, 2007, the EU began to implement a new approach to the management of
chemicals in EU commerce. The REACH directive simplifies and consolidates more than
40 former regulations in an effort to balance two EU goals: to protect public health and
the environment from hazardous chemicals and to ensure the continuing competitiveness


          Congressional Research Service ' The Library of Congress
                Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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