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1 1 (April 20, 2001)

handle is hein.crs/crsuntaaaef0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Order Code RS20043 Updated April 20, 2001 Pesticide Residue Regulation: Analysis of Food Quality Protection Act Implementation Linda-Jo Schierow Specialist in Environmental Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Summary The Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 (FQPA) amended the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), governing U.S. registration, sale, and use of pesticide products, and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), under which the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets allowable pesticide residue levels for food (tolerances). The FQPA mandates a reasonable certainty of no harm from pesticide exposure and requires reevaluation of tolerances against this new safety standard by August 2006. The Act directs EPA to evaluate aggregate exposure risks of pesticides and cumulative risks of various pesticides with similar toxic effects. EPA must modify tolerances that are not safe and amend registrations (labels) for the associated pesticides. EPA reported that it reassessed one-third of tolerances before August 1999, but many tolerances for relatively high-risk pesticides have not been evaluated. A test case for FQPA implementation is evaluation of risks for organo-phosphate (OP) insecticides, used on many fruits, vegetables, and grains. EPA already has canceled registrations for some OP uses. Cumulative OP risks will be evaluated in 2001. Agricultural and public health groups have challenged the FQPA implementation pace and process in court. This report will be updated as events warrant. Introduction The 104th Congress enacted significant changes to the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), governing registration, sale, and use of pesticide products, and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), under which the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets allowable pesticide residue levels for food and animal feed (tolerances). The changes were wrought by the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 (FQPA; Public Law 104-170), which established a new standard of food safety: a reasonable certainty of no harm from any legally permissible pesticide residue on food, while recognizing the benefits of pesticide use on food crops. Farmers, chemical manufacturers, environmentalists, other stakeholders, and the Clinton and Bush Administrations have carefully observed and sometimes criticized EPA Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web

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