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1 [1] (June 8, 2017)

handle is hein.crs/crsmthmbcak0001 and id is 1 raw text is: CRS INSIGHT European Security and Islamist Terrorism June 8, 2017 (IN10209) Related Authors Krist~in Ar hick Paul B-elkin View More... Kristin Archick, Specialist in European Affairs (karchik k r o-, 7-2668) Paul Belkin, Analyst in European Affairs (pbelki n(a &rs c v, 7-0220) Derek E. Mix, Analyst in European Affairs (dmix4 c , 7-9116) The June 3 2017 attack in London-in which eight people were killed and nearly 50 injured-was the third terrorist incident in the United Kingdom in the last few months. Five people were killed outside the UK parliament in March in a similar car and knife attack, and in May, a suicide bomber killed 22 people and wounded 116 at a music concerin Manchster. These incidents are among a string of terrorist attacks in Europe connected to or inspired by violent Islamist extremism, with many since 2014 linked to the Islamic State group (also known as ISIS or ISIL). (For more information, see CRS In Focus IF10561, Terrorism in Euro)e.) European governments and the European Union (EU) have been alarmed by the rise of the Islamic State in Syria and Iraq and its racit o. EU authorities estimate that up to 5-000 Ei citizen have traveled abroad to join the Islamic State and otherjihadist groups. I -ffici. view the Novmb r 2015 a k in Paris (which killed 130 people) and the March 2016 bombings in Brussels (in which 32 people died) as indications of the Islamic State's capacity to direct attacks beyond Syria and Iraq. All of the identified Paris and Brussls assailants were European citizens; some fought in Syria and/or Iraq and may have been connected to a Eurpean branch f the IslamiStae. At the same time, European authorities warn about the dangers of lone wolf' terrorists motivated by the Islamic State's media-savvy propaganda. Although the Islamic State frequently claims those responsible for such attacks are its soldiers, evidence suggesting a direct connection varies and is absent in some cases. As in several other attacks- including those in Nice France and Berlin- Germanv in 2016, and inStockhomSdn earlier this year-those responsible for the March and June attacks in London used vehicles as weapons, in line with Islamic State propaganda that encourages followers in Western countries to murder disbelievers with any means available. The Manchester bombing-carried out by a young British i iz n f Libyan descent-has exacerbated concerns that the Islamic State could be seeking to direct attacks from Libya given the group's presence and activities there. The Manchester investigation remains underway, but press reps g that the attacker was in contact with Islamic State

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