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SCongressional Researh Service
~Informing the legislative debate since 1914
July 25, 2017
Defense Primer: Under Secretary of Defense (Intelligence)
The U.S. intelligence community (IC) provides intelligence
that is timely, objective, independent of political
considerations, and based upon all sources available to the
intelligence community (see section 3024 of Title 50, U.S.
Code) to decision makers in the national security policy
process. Today, the IC is a federation of 17 component
organizations spread across 2 independent agencies and 6
separate departments of the federal government. The
Director of National Intelligence (DNI) serves as the head
of the IC.
Many IC component organizations, such as the National
Security Agency and the Defense Intelligence Agency,
reside within the Department of Defense (DOD)
organizational structure. The Under Secretary of Defense
for Intelligence (USD(I)) is a civilian official reporting
directly to the Secretary of Defense who, on behalf of the
Secretary, exercises authority, direction, and control over
the DOD's intelligence and security organizations,
including the intelligence components of the combatant
commands and military services.
The USD(I) is also the Principal Staff Assistant and advisor
to the Secretary of Defense and Deputy Secretary of
Defense regarding intelligence, counterintelligence (CI),
security, sensitive activities, and other intelligence-related
matters.
Origin of the USD(I) Position
Leadership for DOD intelligence-related functions within
the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) has been
realigned multiple times over the course of DOD's history.
Establishment of the USD(I) position in 2003 represents the
most recent such realignment.
Then-Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld first requested
statutory establishment of the USD(I) in 2002 as part of
DOD's package of legislative proposals sent to the House
and Senate for potential inclusion in the FY2003 National
Defense Authorization Act (NDAA). In making its request,
the DOD argued that the establishment of the position
would [acknowledge] the importance of intelligence and
CI superiority in the twenty-first century.
The DOD further asserted that through exercising delegated
oversight over the DOD's intelligence, CI, and related
personnel security functions, the position would provide
the Secretary of Defense with the flexibility he requires to
respond to heightened demands on the [DOD] to support
the President's efforts to prevent and respond to acts of
terrorism against the United States. The legislative
language establishing the position of USD(I) was included
under section 901 in P.L. 107-314, which was codified as
section 137 of Title 10, United States Code.
USD(I)s to Date
Stephen A. C ambone (Ma. 2003 - Dec. 2006)
* James Clipper (Apr. 2007 - Aug. 2Q10)
(Acting) Michaiel G. Vicker-s Uazn. 20 11 - Marii. 20 11)
Michael G. Vickers (Man 2011 - Apiil 2015)
(Acting) Maricel Lettr-e (May 20 15 -Dec. 2Q 15)
Ma-cel Lettre (Dec. 2015 - jan.2017)
(Acting) Todd Lowery (Jan. 2017- piesent)
USD(I) and DNI Relationship
The DNI and the USD(I) together coordinate a number of
interagency activities designed to facilitate the integration
of national-level and tactical-level intelligence efforts.
Figure 1 depicts the respective coordination authorities of
the USD(I) and the DNI within the DOD and the IC.
Figure I. Authorities of the DNI and USD(l)
source: rigure A--, Joint rutication z-UI, Joint ann
National Intelligence Support to Military Operations,
January 5, 2012, p. A-12
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