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                                                                  Order Code RS22217
                                                              Updated August 12, 2005



 CRS Report for Congress

               Received through the CRS Web



  The Digital TV Transition: A Brief Overview

                            Lennard G. Kruger
                   Specialist in Science and Technology
                Resources, Science, and Industry Division

                              Linda K. Moore
          Analyst in Telecommunications and Technology Policy
                Resources, Science, and Industry Division

Summary


     Congressional policymakers are seeking a way to accelerate the nation's transition
 to digital television and to expedite the transfer of radio frequency channels from the
 broadcast industry to public safety and commercial users no later than 2009.
 Broadcasters are holding spectrum in the 700MHz band (channels 52-69) that they
 would be required to relinquish after the transition to digital television (DTV) is
 achieved. Without a hard deadline, the transition to digital television has been
 postponed. Meanwhile, public safety officials want 700 MHz spectrum that has been
 assigned to them, but not delivered, in order to build new interoperable networks, while
 the commercial wireless industry would like access to the spectrum for new services.

     The scope of a bill to clear spectrum and facilitate the transition to digital televison
 is under discussion in the House and Senate. Although policymakers continue to discuss
 different proposals for legislation, it appears that consensus has been reached on several
 points. For example, there is general agreement to set a firm date for the clearing of 700
 MHz spectrum; to use $4.8 billion of auction proceeds toward Congressional
 commitments to reduce the budget deficit by 2010; and to take measures so that TV
 viewers will not lose access to television programming. The steps needed to achieve the
 latter remain a major point of disagreement, within and outside Congress. Because of
 the intention to use spectrum funds to meet the Budget Resolution (H.Con.Res. 95),
 many believe that the major points of a DTV transition act could be included as part of
 the reconciliation process. Bills introduced that deal with the transition to digital
 television and spectrum use include H.R. 1646 (Representative Harman), S. 1268
 (Senator McCain), and S. 1600 (Senator Snowe). This report will be updated.


    The transition to digital television has two major policy components. One set of
policy decisions is concerned with how best to move television broadcasters and their
viewers to digital technology. Other key policy issues deal with radio frequency spectrum
management and allocation. The public interest goals for these paths are not well aligned,


       Congressional Research Service +o The Library of Congress

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