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1 (February 11, 2005)

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                                                                  Order Code RS22048
                                                                     February 11, 2005



 CRS Report for Congress

               Received through the CRS Web



                  Everglades Restoration:

               The Federal Role in Funding

                            Pervaze A. Sheikh
          Analyst in Environmental and Natural Resource Policy
                Resources, Science, and Industry Division

                              Nicole T. Carter
                      Analyst in Environmental Policy
                Resources, Science, and Industry Division

Summary


     In 2000, Congress approved a 30-year, $7.8 billion restoration plan, termed the
 Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP), for the Everglades ecosystem in
 southern Florida, and authorized an initial set of projects at a cost of $1.4 billion. The
 federal government is expected to pay half the plan's costs, and an array of state, tribal,
 and local agencies the other half. In addition to the activities under CERP, other federal
 and state efforts also are contributing to Everglades restoration. To date, all of these
 efforts combined represent an investment of approximately $3.6 billion in state funds
 and $2.3 billion in federal funds since FY1993. Everglades funding receives attention
 not only from those interested in Everglades restoration, but also from stakeholders of
 other restoration initiatives such as those in coastal Louisiana, the Great Lakes, and
 Chesapeake Bay. The debate and resolution of issues surrounding the authorization and
 appropriations for Everglades restoration projects could have implications for large-
 scale restoration initiatives elsewhere. This report provides information on federal
 appropriations for Everglades restoration, and discusses some issues related to the
 authorization and appropriations for restoration projects. It will be updated biannually.


                              Introduction

    The Florida Everglades are a unique network of subtropical wetlands that is now half
its original size. The federal government has had a long history of involvement in the
Everglades, with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) constructing flood control
projects beginning in the 1940s that shunted water away from the Everglades. Many
factors, including these flood control projects and agricultural and urban development,
have contributed the shrinking and altering of the wetlands ecosystem. Federal agencies
began ecosystem restoration activities in the Everglades 15 years ago, but it was not until
2000 that the majority of restoration activities became coordinated under an integrated

       Congressional Research Service *** The Library of Congress

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