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1 1 (March 9, 2006)

handle is hein.crs/crsmthaagdj0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Order Code 95-712 Updated March 9, 2006 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web The Effects on U.S. Farm Workers of an Agricultural Guest Worker Program Linda Levine Specialist in Labor Economics Domestic Social Policy Division Summary Guest worker programs are meant to assure employers (e.g., fruit, vegetable, and horticultural specialty growers) of an adequate supply of labor when and where it is needed while not adding permanent residents to the U.S. population. They include mechanisms, such as the H-2A program's labor certification process, intended to avoid adversely affecting the wages and working conditions of similarly employed U.S. workers. If amendment of the H-2A program or initiation of a new agricultural guest worker program led growers to employ many more aliens than is now the case, the effects of the Bracero program might be instructive: although the 1942-1964 Bracero program succeeded in expanding the farm labor supply, studies estimate that it also harmed domestic farm workers as measured by their reduced wages and employment. The magnitudes of these adverse effects might differ today depending upon how much the U.S. farm labor and product markets have changed over time, but their direction likely would be the same. This report will be updated as warranted. The nation has had a long history of guest worker programs targeted at the agricultural industry, which have enabled farmers to temporarily import foreign workers to perform seasonal jobs without adding permanent residents to the U.S. population. Unsuccessful attempts were made during the past few Congresses to amend the H-2A program, the only means currently available to employers who want to legally utilize aliens in temporary farm jobs. Recent interest among some Members of Congress in a broad-based guest worker program has renewed efforts to enact legislation that relates specifically to the agricultural sector (e.g., S. 359/H.R. 884, the Agricultural Job Opportunity, Benefits, and Security Act; H.R. 3857, the Temporary Agricultural Labor Reform Act; and S. 2087 (Agricultural Employment and Workforce Protection Act).1 Congressional Research Service + The Library of Congress 1 For information on guest worker legislation see CRS Report RL32044, Immigration: Policy Considerations Related to Guest Worker Pro grams, by Andorra Bruno.

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