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1 1 (June 20, 2008)

handle is hein.crs/crsaikp0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Order Code RS21740 Updated June 20, 2008 Conservation Security Program: Implementation and Termination Tadlock Cowan Analyst in Natural Resources and Rural Development Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Summary The 2008 farm bill terminates authority for the Conservation Security Program (except for existing contract holders) and authorizes a new Conservation Stewardship Program. The Conservation Security Program (CSP), authorized in the 2002 farm bill (P.L. 107-171), is a voluntary program providing financial and technical assistance for conservation and improvement of natural resources on tribal and private working lands within selected watersheds. CSP is administered by USDA's Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) and funded through the Commodity Credit Corporation. Financial assistance is based on three tiers of participation, with each tier representing a higher degree of resource management standards. Contracts extend from 5 to 10 years. The first enrollment for CSP was in July 2004 covering 18 watersheds in 22 states. A second enrollment in November 2005 was implemented in 220 watersheds nationwide. These two enrollments resulted in 15,000 contracts with landowners on 12.1 million acres of working agricultural lands. A third enrollment period was announced in February 2006 for 60 watersheds, including ones in Guam and the Caribbean. In that year, 4,323 contracts were accepted, adding more than 3.6 million acres. No new contracts were signed in FY2007. A fourth and final CSP sign-up for eligible farms and ranches in 51 new watersheds period ended in May 2008. This report will not be updated. Background A New Conservation Stewardship Program. The 2008 farm bill (P.L. 110- 246) terminates authority for the Conservation Security Program to make any new contracts and reauthorizes the program at $2.3 billion in funding only for payments under the contracts made during 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2008. The farm bill authorizes a new Conservation Stewardship Program through FY2017 (Section 2301). Similar aspects of the original CSP will continue in the new stewardship program, although there are significant changes as well. Rather than the three-tier payment system, payments for new CSP contracts will be based on meeting or exceeding a stewardship threshold. Payments area based on the actual costs of installing conservation measures, any forgone

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