Full Name	Bowers, Josh
University/Affiliation	University of Virginia School of Law
Title	Professor of Law
Status	Tenured or Tenure-Track Faculty
Professor Type	Doctrinal
ORCID ID	0000-0001-9473-4010
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PathFinder Subjects
Criminal Law and Procedure (17) Plea Bargaining (8) Penology (7) Law Enforcement (6) Constitutional Law, Generally (4) Jurisprudence (4) Legal Practice and Procedure (4) Sentencing and Punishment (4) Courts (3) Legal Profession (3)
The multidisciplinary content found throughout HeinOnline is organized into a subject hierarchy that we call PathFinder. Powered by a combination of human curation and artificial intelligence, PathFinder assigns subjects to documents, and then organizes them into broader subjects. View the PathFinder Subjects most frequently assigned to this author's article here.
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Cited by Articles (0-5 Years)	461
This metric counts the number of times this author has been cited by other articles in HeinOnline within the past five years only. Citation sources include the Bluebook, Prince's Bieber Dictionary of Legal Abbreviations, and the Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations.
Cited by Articles (5+ Years) (By Year)	328

This metric counts the number of times this author has been cited by other articles in HeinOnline beyond the past five years only. Citation sources include the Bluebook, Prince's Bieber Dictionary of Legal Abbreviations, and the Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations.
Cited by Cases (0-5 Years)	7
This metric counts the number of times this author has been cited by cases available in HeinOnline or via Fastcase within the past five years only.
Cited by Cases (5+ Years)	1
This metric counts the number of times this author has been cited by cases available in HeinOnline or via Fastcase beyond the past five years only.
Accessed (Past 12 Months)	481
This metric counts the cumulative number of times an author's articles have been accessed by HeinOnline users within a rolling 12 month period. In order for an author's article to count as accessed, the article must be clicked from either search results or by browsing to the article, or retrieved using the citation navigator.
ScholarRank	1,329
ScholarRank is an overall ranking based on the calculation of five HeinOnline ScholarCheck metrics. The Z-score for each of the five metrics is taken and then averaged; the final average is entered into standard competition ranking to produce the overall ScholarRank for each author. Further information on HeinOnline's ScholarRank may be found in our Knowledge Base.

Average Citations per Article	46.41
This metric counts the cumulative number of times this author has been cited by other articles, then divides this number by this author's total number of articles written, to calculate the average number of citations per article.
Average Citations per Document	35.86
This metric counts the cumulative number of times this author has been cited by other articles, then divides this number by this author's total number of documents written, to calculate the average number of citations per document.
Self-Citations	18
This metric counts the cumulative number of an author's self-citations. This metric is not currently factored into the overall ScholarCheck ranking analysis.
H-Index	13.00
The h-index is an author-level metric that attempts to measure both the productivity and citation impact of the publications of an author. The index is based on the set of the author's most cited papers and the number of citations that they have received in other publications. Further information on an h-index can be found here.

Similar Author Names

University of Pennsylvania Law Review, Vol. 156, Issue 5 (May 2008), pp. 1117-1180

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

156 U. Pa. L. Rev. 1117 (2007-2008)

PathFinder Subjects: Criminal Law and Procedure; Defendants; Legal Practice and Procedure; Probation; Penology; Sentencing and Punishment

Cited by 180 Articles
Accessed 61 Times

Legal Guilt, Normative Innocence, and the Equitable Decision Not to Prosecute [article]

Columbia Law Review, Vol. 110, Issue 7 (November 2010), pp. 1655-1726

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

110 Colum. L. Rev. 1655 (November 2010)

HeinOnline's PathFinder

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Humanities
1. International Relations
  1. International Law
    1. International Criminal Court
2. Law

Social Sciences
1. Criminal Justice
  1. Criminal Law and Procedure
    1. International Criminal Court
2. Government and Politics
  1. Courts
    1. International Criminal Court

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PathFinder Subjects: Criminal Law and Procedure; International Criminal Court; International Law; Courts

Cited by 174 Articles
Accessed 27 Times

Contraindicated Drug Courts [article]

UCLA Law Review, Vol. 55, Issue 4 (April 2008), pp. 783-836

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

55 UCLA L. Rev. 783 (2007-2008)

PathFinder Subjects: Courts

Cited by 77 Articles
Accessed 45 Times

Perceptions of Fairness and Justice: The Shared Arms and Occasional Conflicts of Legitimacy and Moral Credibility [article]

Wake Forest Law Review, Vol. 47, Issue 2 (2012), pp. 211-284

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times); Robinson, Paul H. (Cited 3931 times)

47 Wake Forest L. Rev. 211 (2012)

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Humanities
1. Law
2. Philosophy and Ethics
  1. Jurisprudence

Social Sciences
1. Community and Society Studies
  1. Law and Society
2. Criminal Justice
  1. Law Enforcement
  2. Penology
    1. Sentencing and Punishment

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PathFinder Subjects: Law Enforcement; Legal Profession; Jurisprudence; Law and Society; Sentencing and Punishment; Penology

Cited by 76 Articles
Cited by 6 Cases
Accessed 38 Times

Probable Cause, Constitutional Reasonableness, and the Unrecognized Point of a Pointless Indignity [article]

Stanford Law Review, Vol. 66, Issue 5 (May 2014), pp. 987-1050

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

66 Stan. L. Rev. 987 (2014)

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Humanities
1. Law

Social Sciences
1. Criminal Justice
2. Government and Politics
  1. Constitutional Law, Generally
    1. Fourth Amendment

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PathFinder Subjects: Law Enforcement; Criminal Law and Procedure; Witnesses; Evidence; Constitutional Law, Generally; Fourth Amendment

Cited by 55 Articles
Accessed 18 Times

The Normative Case for Normative Grand Juries [article]

Wake Forest Law Review, Vol. 47, Issue 2 (2012), pp. 319-360

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

47 Wake Forest L. Rev. 319 (2012)

PathFinder Subjects: Grand Juries; Legal Practice and Procedure; Criminal Law and Procedure; Social Welfare; Professional Ethics in Law

Cited by 39 Articles
Cited by 1 Case
Accessed 16 Times

Grassroots Plea Bargaining [article]

Symposium Dispute Resolution in Criminal Law: Articles and Essays: Bargaining in the Shadow of the Law - The Relationship between Plea Bargaining and Criminal Code Structure

Marquette Law Review , Vol. 91, Issue 1 (Fall 2007), pp. 85-122

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

91 Marq. L. Rev. 85 (2007-2008)

PathFinder Subjects: Plea Bargaining; Criminal Law and Procedure

Cited by 31 Articles
Accessed 20 Times

White Paper of Democratic Criminal Justice [article]

Democratizing Criminal Justice Symposium: Policy Proposals

Northwestern University Law Review, Vol. 111, Issue 6 (2017), pp. 1693-1706

Kleinfeld, Joshua (Cited 264 times); Appleman, Laura I. (Cited 426 times); Bierschbach, Richard A. (Cited 524 times); Bilz, Kenworthey (Cited 130 times); Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times); Braithwaite, John (Cited 856 times); Burns, Robert P. (Cited 349 times); Duff, R. A. (Cited 380 times); Dzur, Albert W. (Cited 75 times); Geraghty, Thomas F. (Cited 138 times)

111 Nw. U. L. Rev. 1693 (2016-2017)

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Humanities
1. International Relations
  1. Comparative and Foreign Law
  2. International Law
2. Law

Social Sciences
1. Community and Society Studies
  1. Human Rights Law
  2. Law and Society
2. Criminal Justice
  1. Criminal Law and Procedure
  2. Law Enforcement
    1. Police

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PathFinder Subjects: Criminal Law and Procedure; Law and Society; Police; Law Enforcement; Comparative and Foreign Law; Human Rights Law; International Law

Cited by 23 Articles
Accessed 26 Times

Cited by 20 Articles
Cited by 1 Case
Accessed 11 Times

10.

Plea Bargaining's Baselines [article]

Plea Bargaining Regulation: The Next Criminal Procedure Frontier Symposium

William & Mary Law Review, Vol. 57, Issue 4 (March 2016), pp. 1083-1146

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

57 Wm. & Mary L. Rev. 1083 (2015-2016)

PathFinder Subjects: Plea Bargaining; Criminal Law and Procedure; Supreme Court of the United States

Cited by 18 Articles
Accessed 49 Times

11.

Annoy No Cop [article]

University of Pennsylvania Law Review, Vol. 166, Issue 1 (December 2017), pp. 129-212

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

166 U. Pa. L. Rev. 129 (2017-2018)

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Humanities
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2. Philosophy and Ethics
  1. Jurisprudence

Social Sciences

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PathFinder Subjects: Criminal Law and Procedure; Race, Ethnicity, and the Law; Jurisprudence; Right to Privacy; Human Rights Law

Cited by 16 Articles
Accessed 12 Times

12.

Two Rights to Counsel [article]

Gideon at 50: Reassessing the Right to Counsel: Panel 3: New Cases and New Tactics: Approaching Gideon through a Modern Lens

Washington and Lee Law Review, Vol. 70, Issue 2 (Spring 2013), pp. 1133-1172

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

70 Wash. & Lee L. Rev. 1133 (2013)

PathFinder Subjects: Criminal Law and Procedure; Plea Bargaining

Cited by 14 Articles
Accessed 4 Times

13.

Upside-down Juries [article]

Democratizing Criminal Justice Symposium: Debureaucratization and the Restoration of Moral Judgment

Northwestern University Law Review, Vol. 111, Issue 6 (2017), pp. 1655-1676

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

111 Nw. U. L. Rev. 1655 (2016-2017)

PathFinder Subjects: Plea Bargaining; Criminal Law and Procedure; Legal History

Cited by 14 Articles
Accessed 23 Times

14.

Physician, Heal Thyself: Discretion and the Problem of Excessive Prosecutorial Caseloads, a Response to Adam Gershowitz and Laura Killinger [article]

Northwestern University Law Review Colloquy , Vol. 106, pp. 143-155

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

106 Nw. L. Rev. Colloquy 143 (2011-2012)

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Humanities
1. Law

Industries
1. Research and Information
  1. Research

Social Sciences
1. Criminal Justice
  1. Criminal Law and Procedure
    1. Plea Bargaining

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PathFinder Subjects: Criminal Law and Procedure; Defendants; Legal Practice and Procedure; Legal Profession; Plea Bargaining; Research; Public Defenders

Cited by 12 Articles
Accessed 2 Times

15.

The Unusual Man in the Usual Place [notes]

Response

University of Pennsylvania Law Review PENNumbra, Vol. 157, pp. 260-274

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

157 U. Pa. L. Rev. PENNumbra 260 (2008)

PathFinder Subjects: Punishment; Penology; Plea Bargaining; Criminal Law and Procedure; Professional Ethics in Law

Cited by 11 Articles

16.

Lafler, Frye, and the Subtle Art of Winning by Losing [comments]

Right to Assistance of Counsel: New Developments, Open Questions: Commentary on Lafler v. Cooper and Missouri v. Frye

Federal Sentencing Reporter, Vol. 25, Issue 2 (December 2012), pp. 126-130

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

25 Fed. Sent'g Rep. 126 (December 2012)

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Humanities
1. Law
2. Philosophy and Ethics
  1. Jurisprudence
    1. Common Law

Social Sciences
1. Criminal Justice
  1. Criminal Law and Procedure
    1. Plea Bargaining
2. Government and Politics
  1. Constitutional Law, Generally
    1. Right to Counsel

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PathFinder Subjects: Plea Bargaining; Criminal Law and Procedure; Right to Counsel; Constitutional Law, Generally; Common Law; Jurisprudence; Legal Profession

Cited by 7 Articles
Accessed 3 Times

17.

Fundamental Fairness and the Path from Santobello to Padilla: A Response to Profesor Bibas [comments]

Response

California Law Review Circuit, Vol. 2, pp. 52-67

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

2 Calif. L. Rev. Circuit 52 (2011)

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Humanities
1. Law

Social Sciences
1. Criminal Justice
  1. Criminal Law and Procedure
    1. Criminal Procedure
    2. Plea Bargaining
2. Immigration Studies
  1. Deportation

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PathFinder Subjects: Criminal Procedure; Criminal Law and Procedure; Deportation; Guilty Pleas; Legal Practice and Procedure; Consumer Protection Law; Plea Bargaining; Professional Ethics in Law

Cited by 7 Articles
Accessed 1 Time

18.

Blame by Proxy: Political Retributivism & Its Problems, a Response to Dan Markel [comments]

Comment

Virginia Journal of Criminal Law, Vol. 1, Issue 1 (2012), pp. 135-166

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

1 Va. J. Crim. L. 135 (2012-2013)

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2. Government and Politics

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PathFinder Subjects: Politics (General); Punishment; Penology; Constitutional Law, Generally; Criminal Law and Procedure; Eighth Amendment; Law Enforcement; Legislation

Cited by 6 Articles
Accessed 5 Times

19.

Kicking the Habit: The Opioid Crisis, America's Addiction to Punitive Prohibition, and the Promise of Free Heroin [article]

Symposium: Facing Opioids: Drug Enforcement & Health Policy in Today's Epidemic

Ohio State Law Journal, Vol. 80, Issue 4 (2019), pp. 787-824

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times); Abrahamson, Daniel (Cited 7 times)

80 Ohio St. L.J. 787 (2019)

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Applied Sciences
1. Military, War, and Peace Studies
  1. War

Humanities
1. International Relations
  1. War
2. Law
  1. Constitutional Law, Generally
    1. Fourth Amendment
  2. Law Enforcement
    1. Racial Profiling

Social Sciences
1. Criminal Justice
  1. Law Enforcement
    1. Racial Profiling
2. Government and Politics
  1. Constitutional Law, Generally
    1. Fourth Amendment

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PathFinder Subjects: War; Fourth Amendment; Constitutional Law, Generally; Racial Profiling; Law Enforcement

Cited by 6 Articles
Accessed 61 Times

20.

What If Nothing Works? On Crime Licenses, Recidivism, and Quality of Life [article]

Virginia Law Review, Vol. 107, Issue 5 (September 2021), pp. 959-1058

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

107 Va. L. Rev. 959 (2021)

PathFinder Subjects: Contracts; Insurance Contracts; Insurance Practice and Procedure; Insurance Law; Life Insurance; Estates and Trusts; Judges; Pensions; Retirement

Cited by 3 Articles
Accessed 46 Times

21.

Accessed 8 Times

22.

What's Wrong with Sentencing Equality: Sentencing Legality: A Response to Professors Bierschbach & Bibas [article]

Essay

Virginia Law Review Online, Vol. 102, pp. 120-133

Bowers, Josh (Cited 789 times)

102 Va. L. Rev. Online 120 (2016)

PathFinder Subjects: Sentencing and Punishment; Penology; Discrimination; Social Group Issues; Education Law

Accessed 5 Times

Bowers, Josh

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