Full Name	Needham, Carol A.
University/Affiliation	Saint Louis University School of Law
Title	Emanuel Myers Professor
Status	Tenured or Tenure-Track Faculty
Professor Type	Doctrinal
ORCID ID
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PathFinder Subjects
Legal Profession (12) Ethics (5) Attorneys (4) Legal Practice and Procedure (4) Professional Ethics in Law (4) Evidence (3) Legal Education (3) Unauthorized Practice of Law (3) Admission to the Bar (2) Business and the Law (2)
The multidisciplinary content found throughout HeinOnline is organized into a subject hierarchy that we call PathFinder. Powered by a combination of human curation and artificial intelligence, PathFinder assigns subjects to documents, and then organizes them into broader subjects. View the PathFinder Subjects most frequently assigned to this author's article here.
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Cited by Articles (0-5 Years)	10
This metric counts the number of times this author has been cited by other articles in HeinOnline within the past five years only. Citation sources include the Bluebook, Prince's Bieber Dictionary of Legal Abbreviations, and the Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations.
Cited by Articles (5+ Years) (By Year)	202

This metric counts the number of times this author has been cited by other articles in HeinOnline beyond the past five years only. Citation sources include the Bluebook, Prince's Bieber Dictionary of Legal Abbreviations, and the Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations.
Cited by Cases (0-5 Years)	0
This metric counts the number of times this author has been cited by cases available in HeinOnline or via Fastcase within the past five years only.
Cited by Cases (5+ Years)	2
This metric counts the number of times this author has been cited by cases available in HeinOnline or via Fastcase beyond the past five years only.
Accessed (Past 12 Months)	47
This metric counts the cumulative number of times an author's articles have been accessed by HeinOnline users within a rolling 12 month period. In order for an author's article to count as accessed, the article must be clicked from either search results or by browsing to the article, or retrieved using the citation navigator.
ScholarRank	17,028
ScholarRank is an overall ranking based on the calculation of five HeinOnline ScholarCheck metrics. The Z-score for each of the five metrics is taken and then averaged; the final average is entered into standard competition ranking to produce the overall ScholarRank for each author. Further information on HeinOnline's ScholarRank may be found in our Knowledge Base.

Average Citations per Article	16.31
This metric counts the cumulative number of times this author has been cited by other articles, then divides this number by this author's total number of articles written, to calculate the average number of citations per article.
Average Citations per Document	12.47
This metric counts the cumulative number of times this author has been cited by other articles, then divides this number by this author's total number of documents written, to calculate the average number of citations per document.
Self-Citations	7
This metric counts the cumulative number of an author's self-citations. This metric is not currently factored into the overall ScholarCheck ranking analysis.
H-Index	10.00
The h-index is an author-level metric that attempts to measure both the productivity and citation impact of the publications of an author. The index is based on the set of the author's most cited papers and the number of citations that they have received in other publications. Further information on an h-index can be found here.

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17 results searching for (creator_facet:"Needham, Carol A." OR creator_facet:"Needham, Carol" OR creator_facet:"Needham, Carol A.") in Law Journal Library. , sorted by "Number of Times Cited by Articles"

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Permitting Lawyers to Participate in Multidiscplinary Practices: Business as Usual or the End of the Profession as We Know It? [article]

The Future of the Profession: A Symposium on Multidisciplinary Practice

Minnesota Law Review, Vol. 84, Issue 6 (June 2000), pp. 1315-1358

Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

84 Minn. L. Rev. 1315 (1999-2000)

PathFinder Subjects: Computers; Ethics; Legal Profession

Cited by 37 Articles
Accessed 3 Times

The Multijurisdictional Practice of Law and the Corporate Lawyer: New Rules for a New Generation of Legal Practice [article]

Symposium: Ethics and the Multijurisdictional Practice of Law

South Texas Law Review, Vol. 36, Issue 3 (November 1995), pp. 1075-1100

Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

36 S. Tex. L. Rev. 1075 (1995)

PathFinder Subjects: Ethics; Legal Ethics; Professional Ethics in Law; Safe Harbor; Legal Practice and Procedure; Choice of Law; Conflict of Laws

Cited by 25 Articles
Accessed 1 Time

Splitting Bar Admission into Federal and State Components: National Admission for Advice on Federal Law [article]

University of Kansas Law Review, Vol. 45, Issue 2 (March 1997), pp. 453-510

Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

45 U. Kan. L. Rev. 453 (1996-1997)

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Applied Sciences
1. Education
  1. Legal Education
    1. Admission to the Bar

Humanities
1. Law

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PathFinder Subjects: Admission to the Bar; Legal Education; Legal Profession; Attorneys; Legal Practice and Procedure; Unauthorized Practice of Law; Cause of Action; Remedies

Cited by 25 Articles

Transnational Legal Practice [notes]

Legal Practice

International Lawyer (ABA), Vol. 42, Issue 2 (Summer 2008), pp. 833-862

Terry, Laurel S. (Cited 848 times); Silver, Carole (Cited 557 times); Rosen, Ellyn (Cited 35 times); Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

42 Int'l Law. 833 (2008)

PathFinder Subjects: Legal Profession; Legal Services

Cited by 17 Articles
Accessed 5 Times

Licensing of Foreign Legal Consultants in the United States [comments]

Essay

Fordham International Law Journal, Vol. 21, Issue 4 (April 1998), pp. 1126-1151

Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

21 Fordham Int'l L.J. 1126 (1997-1998)

HeinOnline's PathFinder

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Applied Sciences
1. Education
  1. Legal Education
    1. Admission to the Bar

Humanities
1. International Relations
  1. Comparative and Foreign Law
2. Law

Industries
1. Employment and Labor
  1. Workers
    1. Consultants

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PathFinder Subjects: Admission to the Bar; Legal Education; Legal Profession; Attorneys; Consultants; Workers; Comparative and Foreign Law

Cited by 16 Articles

Negotiating Multi-State Transactions: Reflections on Prohibiting the Unauthorized Practice of Law [article]

Symposium: Ethics in Government and the Legal Profession

Saint Louis University Public Law Review, Vol. 12, Issue 1 (1993), pp. 113-134

Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

12 St. Louis U. Pub. L. Rev. 113 (1993)

PathFinder Subjects: Unauthorized Practice of Law; Legal Profession; Consumer Protection Law

Cited by 15 Articles
Cited by 1 Case
Accessed 1 Time

Cited by 15 Articles

When Is an Attorney Acting as an Attorney: The Scope of Attorney-Client Privilege as Applied in Corporate Negotiations [article]

Symposium: The Lawyer's Duties and Responsibilities in Dispute Resolution

South Texas Law Review, Vol. 38, Issue 2 (May 1997), pp. 681-704

Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

38 S. Tex. L. Rev. 681 (1997)

HeinOnline's PathFinder

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Applied Sciences
1. Finance
  1. Taxation
    1. Taxation--Federal

Humanities
1. Law

Social Sciences
1. Criminal Justice
  1. Evidence
2. Government and Politics
  1. Taxation
    1. Taxation--Federal

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PathFinder Subjects: Privileged Communications; Legal Practice and Procedure; Taxation--Federal; Taxation; Attorneys; Legal Profession; Fiduciaries; Contracts; Evidence

Cited by 13 Articles
Accessed 4 Times

Listening to Cassandra: The Difficulty or Recognizing Risks and Taking Action [article]

Symposium: The Economic Downturn and the Legal Profession: The Evolving Institutional and Psychological Infrastructure for Ethical Decision Making at Large Law Firms

Fordham Law Review, Vol. 78, Issue 5 (April 2010), pp. 2329-2356

Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

78 Fordham L. Rev. 2329 (2009-2010)

PathFinder Subjects: Banking and Finance Law; Housing Law; Industry

Cited by 12 Articles
Cited by 1 Case
Accessed 10 Times

10.

Advance Consent to Aggregate Settlements: Reflections on Attorney's Fiduciary Obligations and Professional Responsibility Duties [article]

Loyola University Chicago Law Journal, Vol. 44, Issue 2 (Winter 2012), pp. 511-532

Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

44 Loy. U. Chi. L.J. 511 (Winter 2012)

PathFinder Subjects: Settlements; Legal Practice and Procedure

Cited by 10 Articles
Accessed 5 Times

11.

The Changing Landscape for In-House Counsel: Multijurisdictional Practice Considerations for Corporate Law Departments [article]

Akron Law Review , Vol. 43, Issue 3 (2010), pp. 985-1008

Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

43 Akron L. Rev. 985 (2010)

PathFinder Subjects: Business and the Law; Jurisdiction; Jurisprudence; Legislation

Cited by 8 Articles
Accessed 4 Times

12.

Practicing Non-U.S. Law in the United States: Multijurisdictional Practice, Foreign Legal Consultants and Other Aspects of Cross-Border Legal Practice [article]

Michigan State Journal of International Law, Vol. 15, Issue 3 (2007), pp. 605-634

Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

15 Mich. St. J. Int'l L. 605 (2007)

PathFinder Subjects: Consultants; Workers; Legal Profession; Legal History

Cited by 7 Articles
Accessed 3 Times

13.

The Professional Responsibilities of Law Professors: The Scope of the Duty of Confidentiality, Character and Fitness Questionnaires, and Engagement in Governance [notes]

Academic Ethics

Journal of Legal Education, Vol. 56, Issue 1 (2006), pp. 106-121

Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

56 J. Legal Educ. 106 (2006)

HeinOnline's PathFinder

The multidisciplinary content found throughout HeinOnline is organized into a subject hierarchy that we call PathFinder.

Powered by a combination of human curation and artificial intelligence, PathFinder assigns subjects to documents, and then organizes them into broader subjects.

Discover where your chosen document fits into the PathFinder hierarchy. See the full hierarchy here.

Humanities
1. Law

Industries
1. Employment and Labor
  1. Employment and Labor (General)
    1. Malpractice

Social Sciences
1. Community and Society Studies
  1. Law and Society
    1. Rule of Law
2. Criminal Justice
  1. Evidence

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PathFinder Subjects: Evidence; Professional Ethics in Law; Rule of Law; Law and Society; Legal Profession; Legal Malpractice; Malpractice; Employment and Labor (General)

Cited by 6 Articles
Accessed 3 Times

14.

Introduction [comments]

Teaching Professional Responsibility and Legal Ethics: Introduction

Saint Louis University Law Journal, Vol. 51, Issue 4 (Summer 2007), pp. 935-[ii]

Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

51 St. Louis U. L.J. 935 (2006-2007)

PathFinder Subjects: Legal Education; Professional Ethics in Law; Law Students; Students; Education (General); Ethics; Legal Ethics

Cited by 3 Articles
Accessed 2 Times

15.

Consensus across Multiple Divides: An Empirical Study of Outlooks Underlying Lawyers' Attitudes on Multidisciplinary Practice [article]

Multidisciplinary Practice Symposium

Loyola University Chicago Law Journal, Vol. 32, Issue 3 (Spring 2001), pp. 617-692

Casey, Greg (Cited 6 times); Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

32 Loy. U. Chi. L.J. 617 (2000-2001)

PathFinder Subjects: Law and Society; Legal Profession; Taxation--Federal; Taxation

Cited by 2 Articles

16.

Globalization and Eligibility to Deliver Legal Advice: Inbound Services Provided by Corporate Counsel Licensed Only in a Country outside the United States [article]

San Diego Law Review, Vol. 48, Issue 1 (February-March 2011), pp. 379-400

Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

48 San Diego L. Rev. 379 (2011)

PathFinder Subjects: Globalization; Foreign Affairs; Legal Profession; Economic Policy

Cited by 1 Article
Accessed 2 Times

17.

Stepping across the Border: In-House Counsel and the Unauthorized Practice of Law [article]

Professional Lawyer Symposium Issues , Vol. 1998, pp. 73-80

Needham, Carol A. (Cited 212 times)

1998 Prof. Law. Symp. Issues 73 (1998)

PathFinder Subjects: Unauthorized Practice of Law; Legal Profession; Evidence; Ethics

Accessed 4 Times

Needham, Carol A.

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17 results searching for (creator_facet:"Needham, Carol A." OR creator_facet:"Needham, Carol" OR creator_facet:"Needham, Carol A.") in Law Journal Library. , sorted by "Number of Times Cited by Articles"

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