Congressional Research Service Reports March 2015

Intelligence Spending And Appropriations: Issues For Congress
September 18, 2013 R42061
Erwin, Marshall C.; Belasco, Amy

Governmental Tracking Of Cell Phones And Vehicles: The Confluence Of Privacy, Technology, And Law
December 1, 2011 R42109
Thompson, Richard M.

Reauthorization Of The FISA Amendments Act
April 8, 2013 R42725
Liu, Edward C.

Foreign Surveillance And The Future Of Standing To Sue Post-Clapper
July 10, 2013 R43107
Nolan, Andrew

NSA Surveillance Leaks: Background And Issues For Congress
September 4, 2013 R43134
Rollins, John W.; Liu, Edward C.

Reform Of The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Courts: Introducing A Public Advocate
March 21, 2014 R43260
Nolan, Andrew; et al.

Reform Of The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Courts: Procedural And Operational Changes
August 26, 2014 R43362
Nolan, Andrew; Thompson, Richard M. II

Reform Of The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Courts: Disclosure Of FISA Opinions
February 24, 2014 R43404
Cole, Jared P.

Reform Of The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Courts: A Brief Overview
March 31, 2014 R43451
Cole, Jared P.; Nolan, Andrew

Overview Of Constitutional Challenges To NSA Collection Activities And Recent Developments
April 1, 2014 R43459
Liu, Edward C.; et al.

Reform Of The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (FISC): Selection Of Judges
May 5, 2014 R43534
Chu, Vivian S.

Intelligence Whistleblower Protections: In Brief
October 23, 2014 R43765
Perry, Rodney M.

Intelligence Authorization Legislation For FY2014 and FY2015: Provisions, Status, Intelligence Community Framework
November 20, 2014 R43793
Miles, Anne Daugherty

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: An Overview Of The Statutory Framework And U.S. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court And U.S. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court Of Review Decisions
February 15, 2007 RL30465
Bazan, Elizabeth B.

U.S. Army School Of The Americas: Background And Congressional Concerns
April 16, 2001 RL30532
Grimmett, Richard F.; Sullivan, Mark P.

Digital Surveillance: The Communications Assistance For Law Enforcement Act
June 8, 2007 RL30677
Figliola, Patricia Moloney

Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance & Reconnaissance (isr): The U-2 Aircraft And Global Hawk Uav Programs
December 1, 2000 RL30727
Best, Richard A. Jr.

Cyberwarfare
“June 19, 2001 (PDF)

RL30735"

Hildreth, Steven A.

Polygraph Use By The Department Of Energy: Issues For Congress
February 9, 2009 RL31988
Cumming, Alfred

USA PATRIOT Act Sunset: Provisions That Expire On December 31, 2005
June 29, 2005 RL32186
Doyle, Charles

U.N. Convention Against Torture: Overview Of U.S. Implementation Policy Concerning The Removal Of Aliens
January 21, 2009 RL32276
Garcia, Michael John

U.N. Convention against Torture (CAT): Overview and Application to Interrogation Techniques
January 26, 2009 RL32438
Garcia, Michael John

Congressional Oversight Of Intelligence: Current Structure And Alternatives
May 14, 2012 RL32525
Halchin, L. Elaine; Kaiser, Frederick M.

Consolidating Intelligence Appropriation And Authorization In A Single Committee: 9/11 Commission Recommendation And Alternatives
October 29, 2004 RL32659
Streeter, Sandy

National Counterterrorism Center: Implementation Challenges And Issues For Congress
March 24, 2005 RL32816
Masse, Todd M.

Security And Freedom Ensured Act (SAFE Act)(H.R. 1526) And Security And Freedom Enhancement Act (SAFE Act)(S. 737): Section By Section Analysis
May 9, 2005 RL32907
Doyle, Charles

USA PATRIOT Act: Background And Comparison Of House- And Senate-Approved Reauthorization And Related Legislative Action
August 9, 2005 RL33027
Doyle, Charles

USA PATRIOT Improvement And Reauthorization Act Of 2005 (H.R. 3199): A Side-by-Side Comparison Of Existing Law, H.R. 3199 (Conference), And H.R. 3199 (Senate Passed)
December 28, 2005 RL33210
Yeh, Brian T.; Doyle, Charles

USA PATRIOT Improvement And Reauthorization Act Of 2005 (H.H. 3199): A Legal Analysis Of The Conference Bill
January 17, 2006 RL33239
Yeh, Brian T.; Doyle, Charles

National Security Letters In Foreign Intelligence Investigations: Legal Background
January 3, 2014 RL33320
Doyle, Charles

Intelligence Issues For Congress
April 23, 2013 RL33539
Erwin, Marshall Curtis

Interrogation Of Detainees: Requirements Of The Detainee Treatment Act
August 26, 2009 RL33655
Garcia, Michael John

War Crimes Act: Current Issues
January 22, 2009 RL33662
Garcia, Michael John

Terrorist Surveillance Act Of 2006: S. 3931 And Title II Of S. 3929, The Terrorist Tracking, Identification, And Prosecution Act Of 2006
September 25, 2006 RL33669
Bazan, Elizabeth B.

Covert Action: Legislative Background And Possible Policy Questions
April 10, 2013 RL33715
Erwin, Marshall Curtis

Anti-terrorism Authority Under The Laws Of The United Kingdom And The United States
September 7, 2006 RL33726
Feikert, Clare

Intelligence Estimates: How Useful To Congress?
January 6, 2011 RL33733
Best, Richard A. Jr.

Intelligence And Information-Sharing Elements Of S. 4 And H.R. 1
June 26, 2007 RL34061
Masse, Todd

A Summary Of Fusion Centers: Core Issues And Options For Congress
September 19, 2007 RL34177
Masse, Todd; Rollins, John

Director Of National Intelligence Statutory Authorities: Status And Proposals
December 16, 2011 RL34231
Best, Richard A. Jr.

Open Source Intelligence (OSINT): Issues For Congress
December 5, 2007 RL34270
Best, Richard A. Jr.; Cumming, Alfred

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: Comparison Of House-Passed H.R. 3773, S. 2248 As Reported By The Senate Select Committee On Intelligence, And S. 2248 As Reported Out Of The Senate Judiciary Committee
February 8, 2008 RL34277
Bazan, Elizabeth B.

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: A Brief Overview Of Selected Issues
July 7, 2008 RL34279
Bazan, Elizabeth B.

Satellite Surveillance: Domestic Issues
January 13, 2011 RL34421
Best, Richard A. Jr.; Elsea, Jennifer K.

Intelligence Reform At The Department Of Energy: Policy Issues And Organizational Alternatives
September 25, 2009 RL34595
Cumming, Alfred

Libraries And The USA Patriot Act
July 6, 2005 RS21441
Doyle, Charles

Intelligence Identities Protection Act
April 10, 2013 RS21636
Elsea, Jennifer K.

U.S. Intelligence And Policymaking: The Iraq Experience
December 2, 2005 RS21696
Best, Richard A. Jr.

USA PATRIOT Act Sunset: A Sketch
June 29, 2005 RS21704
Doyle, Charles

Commission On The Intelligence Capabilities Of The United States Regarding Weapons Of Mass Destruction: Establishment And Composition
August 23, 2006 RS21758
Smith, Stephanie

Senate Select Committee On Intelligence: Term Limits And Assignment Limitations
October 14, 2004 RS21908
Schneider, Judy

Director Of National Intelligence And Intelligence Analysis
February 11, 2005 RS21948
Best, Richard A. Jr.

Intelligence Reform And Terrorism Prevention Act Of 2004: “Lone Wolf” Amendment To The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act
December 19, 2006 RS22011
Bazan, Elizabeth B.; Yeh, Brian T.

Special Operations Forces (SOF) And CIA Paramilitary Operations: Issues For Congress
December 6, 2006 RS22017
Best, Richard A. Jr.; Feickert, Andrew

Director Of National Intelligence: Statutory Authorities
April 11, 2005 RS22112
Best, Richard A. Jr.; et al.

House Select Committee On Intelligence: Leadership And Assignment Limitations
April 25, 2005 RS22123
Schieder, Judy

Safe Acts Of 2005: H.R. 1526 And S. 737 — A Sketch
May 9, 2005 RS22140
Doyle, Charles

USA PATRIOT Act Reauthorization Proposals And Related Matters In Brief
July 15, 2005 RS22196
Doyle, Charles

USA PATRIOT Improvement And Reauthorization Act Of 2005 (H.R. 3199): A Brief Look
December 9, 2005 RS22348
Yeh, Brian T.; Doyle, Charles

USA PATRIOT Act Additional Reauthorizing Amendments Act Of 2006 (S. 2271)
February 21, 2006 RS22384
Yeh, Brian T.

National Security Letters In Foreign Intelligence Investigations: A Glimpse At The Legal Background
January 3, 2014 RS22406
Doyle, Charles

Administrative Subpoenas In Criminal Investigations: A Sketch
March 17, 2006 RS22407
Doyle, Charles

Congress As A Consumer Of Intelligence Information
December 14, 2005 congress
Cumming, Alfred

Legal Standard For Disclosure Of Cell-Site Information (CSI) And Geolocation Information
June 29, 2010 crs-csi
Stevens, Gina; et al.

Side-by-Side Comparison Of Intelligence Community Reforms Proposed By 9/11 Commission, The Bush Administration, Senators Feinstein, Graham And Daschle, And Representatives Harman And Goss; And Current Statute
August 11, 2004 (@ State Dept FPC site) 35802
Cumming, Alfred

National Security Agency: Issues For Congress
“January 16, 2001

RL30740"

Best, Richard A. Jr.

Imagery Intelligence: Issues For Congress
April 12, 2002 RL31369
Best, Richard A. Jr.

Intelligence Community And 9/11: Congressional Hearings And The Status Of The Investigation
January 16, 2003 RL31650
Best, Richard A. Jr.

Privacy: Total Information Awareness Programs And Related Information Access, Collection, And Protection Laws
March 21, 2003 RL31730
Stevens, Gina Marie

Domestic Intelligence In The United Kingdom: Applicability Of The MI-5 Model To The United States
May 19, 2003 RL31920
Masse, Todd

FBI: Past, Present, And Future
October 2, 2003 RL32095
Masse, Todd; Krouse, William

U.S. Treatment Of Prisoners In Iraq: Selected Legal Issues
“May 24, 2004

RL32395"

Elsea, Jennifer K.

Position Of Director Of National Intelligence: Issues For Congress
August 12, 2004 RL32506
Cumming, Alfred

Intelligence Community Reorganization: Potential Effects On DOD Intelligence Agencies
December 21, 2004 RL32515
Best, Richard A. Jr.

9/11 Commission Recommendations: Joint Committee On Atomic Energy — A Model For Congressional Oversight?
August 20, 2004 RL32538
Davis, Christopher M.

Requirements For Linguists In Government Agencies
September 2, 2004 RL32557
Kuenzi, Jeffrey J.

9/11 Commission Recommendations: Intelligence Budget
September 27, 2004 RL32609
Nicola, Thomas J.

Intelligence Reform And Terrorism Prevention Act Of 2004: National Standards For Drivers’ Licenses, Social Security Cards, And Birth Certificates
January 6, 2005 RL32722
Tatelman, Todd B.

Jonathan Pollard: Background And Considerations For Presidential Clemency
January 31, 2001 RS20001
Best, Richard A. Jr.; Mark, Clyde

Assassination Ban And E.O. 12333: A Brief Summary
January 4, 2002 RS21037
Bazan, Elizabeth B.

USA PATRIOT Act: A Sketch
April 18, 2002 RS21203
Doyle, Charles

Proposed Change To The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) Under S. 113
May 19, 2003 RS21472
Elsea, Jennifer

U.S. Intelligence Budget: A Basic Overview
September 24, 2004 RS21945
Daggett, Stephen

S.Res. 445: Senate Committee Reorganization For Homeland Security And Intelligence Matters
October 15, 2004 RS21955
Rundquist, Paul S.; Davis, Christopher M.

Legislative History Of The Senate Select Committee On Intelligence
August 16, 1978 leghist
Kaiser, Frederick M.

Presidential Authority To Conduct Warrantless Electronic Surveillance To Gather Foreign Intelligence Information
January 5, 2006 m010506
Bazan, Elizabeth B.; Elsea, Jennifer K.

Statutory Procedures Under Which Congress Is To Be Informed Of U.S. Intelligence Activities, Including Covert Actions
January 18, 2006 m011806
Cumming, Alfred

Probable Cause, Reasonable Suspicion, And Reasonableness Standards In The Context Of The Fourth Amendment And The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act
January 30, 2006 m013006
Doyle, Charles

Amendments To The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, 1994-2006
July 19, 2006 m071906

Iran’s Nuclear Program: Status
October 17, 2012 RL34544
Kerr, Paul K.

Bahrain: Reform, Security, And U.S. Policy
October 3, 2014 95-1013
Katzman, Kenneth

Israel: U.S. Foreign Assistance
April 26, 2006 IB85066
Mark, Clyde R.

Cyprus: Status Of U.N. Negotiations
May 19, 2005 IB89140
Migdalovitz, Carol

Palestinians And Middle East Peace: Issues For The United States
April 26, 2005 IB92052
Mark, Clyde

Syria: U.S. Relations And Bilateral Issues
March 13, 2006 IB92075
Prados, Alfred B.

CRS Insights: Israel And Hamas: Another Round Of Conflict
July 18, 2014 IN10104
Zanotti, Jim

Kurds And Possible Iraqi Kurdish Independence
July 15, 2014 IN10105
Zanotti, Jim

Conflict In Syria And Iraq: Implications For Religious Minorities
July 24, 2014 IN10111
Blanchard, Christopher M.

Islamic State In Syria And Iraq: A Possible Threat To Jordan?
August 28, 2014 IN10143
Sharp, Jeremy M.

Khorasan Group In Syria
September 24, 2014 IN10155
Blanchard, Christopher M.

CRS Insights: Israel’s Iron Dome Anti-Rocket System: U.S. Assistance And Coproduction
September 30, 2014 IN10158
Sharp, Jeremy M.

Palestinian Authority: U.S. Payments To Creditors As Alternative To Direct Budgetary Assistance
October 20, 2014 IN10161
Zanotti, Jim

Turkey-U.S. Cooperation Against The Islamic State: A Unique Dynamic
October 21, 2014 IN10164
Zanotti, Jim

Jerusalem: Recent Israeli-Palestinian Tensions And Violence
November 20, 2014 IN10183
Zanotti, Jim

Lebanon: Background And U.S. Relations
February 1, 2011 R40054
Addis, Casey L.

Israel And The Palestinians: Prospects For A Two-state Solution
January 8, 2010 R40092
Zanotti, Jim

Israel And Hamas: Conflict In Gaza (2008-2009)
February 19, 2009 R40101
Zanotti, Jim; et al.

U.S. Security Assistance To Lebanon
January 19, 2011 R40485
Addis, Casey L.

Middle East Elections 2009: Lebanon, Iran, Afghanistan, And Iraq
May 18, 2009 R40586
Addis, Casey L.; Katzman, Kenneth

Iran’s 2009 Presidential Elections
July 6, 2009 R40653
Addis, Casey L.

U.S. Security Assistance To The Palestinian Authority
January 8, 2010 R40664
Zanotti, Jim

Iraqi Casualties: U.S. Military Forces And Iraqi Civilians, Police, And Security Forces
October 7, 2010 R40824
Fischer, Hannah

Iran: Regional Perspectives And U.S. Policy
January 13, 2010 R40849
Addis, Casey L.; et al.

Israel’s Blockade Of Gaza And The Mavi Marmara Incident, and Its Aftermath
June 23, 2010 R41275
Migdalovitz, Carol

Turkey: Background And U.S. Relations
August 1, 2014 R41368
Zanotti, Jim

Hezbollah: Background And Issues For Congress
January 3, 2011 R41446
Addis, Casey L.; Blanchard, Christopher M.

Hamas: Background And Issues For Congress
December 2, 2010 R41514
Zanotti, Jim

Middle East: Selected Key Issues And Options For The 112th Congress
January 3, 2011 R41556
Addis, Casey L.; et al.

Israel’s Offshore Natural Gas Discoveries Enhance Its Economic And Energy Outlook
January 31, 2011 R41618
Ratner, Michael

Implications Of Egypt’s Turmoil On Global Oil And Natural Gas Supply
May 4, 2011 R41632
Ratner, Michael

Middle East And North Africa Unrest: Implications For Oil And Natural Gas Markets
March 10, 2011 R41683
Ratner, Michael; Nerurkar, Neelesh

Turkey-U.S. Defense Cooperation: Prospects And Challenges
April 8, 2011 R41761
Zanotti, Jim

Palestinian Initiatives For 2011 At The United Nations
October 24, 2011 R42022
Zanotti, Jim; Browne, Marjorie Ann

Iran’s Threat To The Strait Of Hormuz
January 23, 2012 R42335
Katzman, Kenneth; et al.

Lebanon And The Uprising In Syria: Issue For Congress
February 2, 2012 R42339
Hopkins, Rebecca A.

Change In The Middle East: Implications For U.S. Policy
March 7, 2012 R42393
Blanchard, Christopher M.; et al.

Israel: Possible Military Strike Against Iran’s Nuclear Facilities
September 28, 2012 R42443
Zanotti, Jim; et al.

Lebanon: Background And U.S. Policy
February 14, 2014 R42816
Blanchard, Christopher M.

Israel: 2013 Elections Preview
January 8, 2013 R42888
Zanotti, Jim

Egypt And The IMF: Overview And Issues For Congress
April 29, 2013 R43053
Nelson, Rebecca M.; Sharp, Jeremy M.

Syria: Overview Of The Humanitarian Response
May 30, 2014 R43119
Margesson, Rhoda; Chesser, Susan G.

Egypt In Crisis: Issues For Congress
September 12, 2013 R43183
Sharp, Jeremy M.

Possible U.S. Intervention In Syria: Issues For Congress
September 12, 2013 R43201
Blanchard, Christopher M.; Sharp, Jeremy M.

Iran: U.S. Economic Sanctions And The Authority To Lift Restrictions
December 11, 2014 R43311
Rennack, Dianne E.

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS): Is It A Health Emergency
June 4, 2014 R43584
Lister, Sarah A.

Islamic State Crisis And U.S. Policy
December 8, 2014 R43612
Katzman, Kenneth; et al.

Al Qaeda-affiliated Groups: Middle East And Africa
October 10, 2014 R43756
Humund, Carla E.

Iraq: Oil For Food Program, Illicit Trade, and Investigations
June 14, 2005 RL30472
Katzman, Kenneth; Blanchard, Christopher M.

Iraq: Post-Saddam Governance And Security
October 28, 2009 RL31339
Katzman, Kenneth

Iraq: U.S. Military Operations
July 15, 2007 RL31701
Bowman, Steve

Qatar: Background And U.S. Relations
November 4, 2014 RL31718
Blanchard, Christopher M.

Iraq: Summary Of U.S. Forces
November 28, 2005 RL31763
Carter, Linwood B.

Iraq: United Nations And Humanitarian Aid Organizations
November 6, 2006 RL31766
Coipuram, Thomas Jr.

Iraq: Reconstruction Assistance
August 7, 2009 RL31833
Tarnoff, Curt

European Views And Policies Toward The Middle East
March 9, 2005 RL31956
Archick, Kristin

Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses
RL32048
Katzman, Kenneth

Post-War Iraq: Foreign Contributions To Training, Peacekeeping, And Reconstruction
September 25, 2007 RL32105
Sharp, Jeremy M.; Blanchard, Christopher M.

U.S. Foreign Assistance To The Middle East: Historical Background, Recent Trends, And The FY2011 Request
June 15, 2010 RL32260
Sharp, Jeremy M.

Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA): Origin, Characteristics, And Institutional Authorities
June 6, 2005 RL32370
Halchin, L. Elaine

Women In Iraq: Background And Issues For U.S. Policy
March 13, 2006 RL32376
Pina, Aaron D.

Iraq: Former Regime Weapons Programs And Outstanding U.N. Issues
July 29, 2009 RL32379
Katzman, Kenneth

U.S. Treatment Of Prisoners In Iraq: Selected Legal Issues
May 19, 2005 RL32395
Elsea, Jennifer K.

Middle East Free Trade Area: Progress Report
February 8, 2005 RL32638
Bolle, Mary Jane

Palestinian Education And The Debate Over Textbooks
May 3, 2005 RL32886
Pina, Aaron D.

Egypt: Background And U.S. Relations
June 5, 2014 RL33003
Sharp, Jeremy M.

U.S. Foreign Aid To Israel
April 11, 2014 RL33222
Sharp, Jeremy M.

Palestinian Elections
February 9, 2006 RL33269
Pina, Aaron D.

Iraq’s Debt Relief: Procedure And Potential Implications For International Debt Relief
March 29, 2011 RL33376
Weiss, Martin A.

Israel: Background And U.S. Relations
December 8, 2014 RL33476
Zanotti, Jim

Armed Conflict In Syria: Overview And U.S. Response
September 17, 2014 RL33487
Blanchard, Christopher M.

Lebanon
November 23, 2007 RL33509
Prados, Alfred B.

Israeli-Arab Negotiations: Background, Conflicts, And U.S. Policy
January 29, 2010 RL33530
Migdalovitz, Carol

Saudi Arabia: Background And U.S. Relations
February 12, 2014 RL33533
Blanchard, Christopher M.

Jordan: Background And U.S. Relations
December 2, 2014 RL33546
Sharp, Jeremy M.

Lebanon: The Israel-Hamas-Hezbollah Conflict
September 15, 2006 RL33566
Sharp, Jeremy M.; et al.

Iraq: Regional Perspectives And U.S. Policy
October 6, 2009 RL33793
Blanchard, Christopher M.; et al.

Iraqi Refugees And Internally Displaced Persons: A Deepening Humanitarian Crisis?
February 13, 2009 RL33936
Margesson, Rhonda; et al.

Arab League Boycott Of Israel
December 19, 2013 RL33961
Weiss, Martin A.

Turkey’s 2007 Elections: Crisis Of Identity And Power
July 11, 2007 RL34039
Migdalovitz, Carol

Iraq: Oil And Gas Legislation, Revenue Sharing, And U.S. Policy
November 3, 2009 RL34064
Blanchard, Christopher M.

Palestinians: Background And U.S. Relations
January 31, 2014 RL34074
Zanotti, Jim

Yemen: Background And U.S. Relations
November 19, 2014 RL34170
Sharp, Jeremy M.

Egypt-Gaza Border And Its Effect On Israeli-Egyptian Relations
February 1, 2008 RL34346
Sharp, Jeremy M.

Congressional Oversight And Related Issues Concerning The Prospective Security Agreement Between The United States And Iraq
April 1, 2008 RL34362
Garcia, Michael John; et al.

Operation Iraqi Freedom: Strategies, Approaches, Results, And Issues For Congress
March 28, 2008 RL34387
Dale, Catherine

Iran’s Economic Conditions: U.S. Policy Issues
April 22, 2010 RL34525
Ilias, Shayerah

Turkey: Selected Foreign Policy Issues And U.S. Views
November 28, 2010 RL34642
Migdalovitz, Carol

Iran Sanctions
October 23, 2014 RS20871
Katzman, Kenneth

Palestinian Factions
June 8, 2005 RS21235
Pina, Aaron D.

Iraq: Map Sources
August 15, 2011 RS21396
Fischer, Hannah

Middle East Partnership Initiative: An Overview
February 8, 2005 RS21457
Sharp, Jeremy M.

Morocco-U.S. Free Trade Agreement
May 26, 2005 RS21464
Ahearn, Raymond J.

Kuwait: Governance, Security, And U.S. Policy
November 19, 2014 RS21513
Katzman, Kenneth

Oman: Reform, Security, And U.S. Policy
December 27, 2013 RS21534
Katzman, Kenneth

Middle East Television Network: An Overview
February 9, 2005 RS21565
Sharp, Jeremy M.

Iraq: U.S. Casualties
June 26, 2009 RS21578
Chesser, Susan G.

Morocco: Current Issues
December 4, 2008 RS21579
Migdalovitz, Carol

United States Aid To The Palestinians
March 4, 2005 RS21594
Mark, Clyde

Iraq Oil: Reserves, Production, And Potential Revenues
April 13, 2005 RS21626
Kumins, Lawrence

Iraq: Debt Relief
March 11, 2005 RS21765
Weiss, Martin A.

Yemen: Current Conditions And U.S. Relations
January 4, 2007 RS21808
Prados, Alfred B.; Sharp, Jeremy M.

United Arab Emirates (UAE): Issues For U.S. Policy
September 25, 2014 RS21852
Katzman, Kenneth

U.S. Embassy In Iraq
October 10, 2007 RS21867
Epstein, Susan B.

Iraq: Politics, Governance, And Human Rights
October 29, 2014 RS21968
Katzman, Kenneth

Israel’s Proposal To Withdraw From Gaza
February 2, 2005 RS22000
Mark, Clyde R.

Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas: Overview Of Internal And External Challenges
March 9, 2006 RS22047
Pina, Aaron D.

Broader Middle East And North Africa Initiative: An Overview
February 15, 2005 RS22053
Sharp, Jeremy M.

Kurds in Post-Saddam Iran
October 1, 2010 RS22079
Katzman, Kenneth

Iraq’s New Security Forces: The Challenge Of Sectarian And Ethnic Influences
March 25, 2005 RS22093
Sharp, Jeremy M.

Iran-Iraq Relations
August 13, 2010 RS22323
Katzman, Kenneth

Fatah And Hamas: The New Palestinian Factional Reality
March 3, 2006 RS22395
Pina, Aaron D.

Iraqi Civilian, Police, And Security Forces Casualty Estimates
September 14, 2006 RS22441
Fischer, Hannah

U.S. Forces In Iraq
July 24, 2008 RS22449
O’Bryant, JoAnne; Waterhouse, Michael

Iraqi Police And Security Forces Casualty Estimates
August 29, 2008 RS22532
Fischer, Hannah

Iraqi Civilian Deaths Estimates
August 27, 2008 RS22537
Fischer, Hannah

Iran: Profile Of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
July 9, 2008 RS22569
Hassan, Hussein D.

Iraq: Milestones Since The Ouster Of Saddam Hussein
June 19, 2007 RS22598
Hassan, Hussein D.

Iraq: Tribal Structure, Social, And Political Activities
April 7, 2008 RS22626
Hassan, Hussein D.

International Reaction To The Palestinian Unity Government
May 9, 2007 RS22659
Morro, Paul

World Bank And Iran
January 28, 2008 RS22704
Weiss, Martin A.; Sanford, Jonathan E.

Israeli-Palestinian Peace Process: The Annapolis Conference
December 7, 2007 RS22768
Migdalovitz, Carol

Red-Dead Canal: Israeli-Arab Efforts To Restore The Dead Sea
May 13, 2008 RS22876
Sharp, Jeremy M.

U.S. Foreign Aid To The Palestinians
July 3, 2014 RS22967
Zanotti, Jim

Iraq: Post-War Challenges And U.S. Responses, 1991-1998
March 31, 1999 98-386
Prados, Alfred B.

Iraq: Weapons Programs, U.N. Requirements, And U.S. Policy
“September 2, 2003

IB92117"

Katzman, Kenneth

Iraq: Former And Recent Military Confrontations With The United States
“October 16, 2002

IB94049"

Prados, Alfred B.

Turkey: Issues For U.S. Policy
May 22, 2002 RL31429
Migdalovitz, Carol

Persian Gulf States: Post-War Issues For U.S. Policy, 2003
“July 14, 2003

RL31533"

Katzman, Kenneth

Iraq: U.N. Inspections For Weapons Of Mass Destruction
October 7, 2003 RL31671
Squassoni, Sharon A.

Iraq War: Background And Issues Overview
April 22, 2003 RL31715
Copson, Raymond W.

Iraq’s Trade With The World: Data And Analysis
September 23, 2004 RL32025
Jones, Vivian C.

United Nations Security Council – Its Role in the Iraq Crisis: A Brief Overview
March 18, 2003 RS21323
Browne, Marjorie Ann

Iraq: A Compilation Of Legislation Enacted And Resolutions Adopted By Congress, 1990-2003
“March 27, 2003

RS21324"

Sharp, Jeremy M.

Iraq: Divergent Views On Military Action
“January 31, 2003

RS21325"

Prados, Alfred B.

Iraq: The Turkish Factor
October 31, 2002 RS21336
Migdalovitz, Carol

Iraq: Weapons Of Mass Destruction (WMD) Capable Missiles And Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)
March 25, 2003 RS21376
Feickert, Andrew

Iraq: Transition To Sovereignty
July 21, 2004 RS21820
Katzman, Kenneth; Elsea, Jennifer

Extraterritorial Application of American Criminal Law
February 15, 2012 94-166
Doyle, Charles

Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
January 25, 2013 94-486
Moulta-Ali, Umar

Social Security: Cost-of-Living Adjustments
October 29, 2014 94-803
Sidor, Gary

Cost-of-living Adjustments For Federal Civil Service Annuities
November 1, 2013 94-834
Isaacs, Katelin P.

Social Services Block Grant: Background And Funding
August 28, 2012 94-953
Lynch, Karen E.

Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC): A Fact Sheet
April 16, 2012 95-118
Topoleski, John J.

National Institute Of Standards And Technology: An Appropriations Overview
November 20, 2013 95-30
Schacht, Wendy H.

U.S. National Science Foundation: An Overview
August 8, 2012 95-307
Matthews, Christine M.

Abortion Services And Military Medical Facilities
January 9, 2013 95-387
Burrelli, David F.

Federal Estate, Gift, And Generation-Skipping Transfer Taxes
June 5, 2014 95-416
Lanza, Emily M.

Medal Of Honor: History And Issues
September 5, 2014 95-519
Burrelli, David F.; Torreon, Barbara Salazar

Freedom Of Speech And Press: Exceptions To The First Amendment
September 8, 2014 95-815
Ruane, Kathleen Ann

Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program
November 14, 2012 96-402
Schacht, Wendy H.

Loss Of Federal Pensions For Members Of Congress Convicted Of Certain Offenses
September 12, 2013 96-530
Maskell, Jack

Legislative Process On The Senate Floor: An Introduction
August 13, 2014 96-548
Heitshusen, Valerie

Water Infrastructure Financing: History Of EPA Appropriations
April 5, 2012 96-647
Copeland, Claudia

Salaries Of Members Of Congress: Recent Actions And Historical Tables
October 27, 2014 97-1011
Brudnick, Ida A.

Cybercrime: An Overview Of The Federal Computer Fraud And Abuse Statute And Related Federal Criminal Laws
October 15, 2014 97-1025
Doyle, Charles

Manufacturing Extension Partnership Program: An Overview
November 20, 2013 97-104
Schacht, Wendy H.

Takings Decisions Of The U.S. Supreme Court: A Chronology
December 9, 2013 97-122
Meltz, Robert

Crime And Forfeiture
May 13, 2013 97-139
Doyle, Charles

Stormwater Permits: Status Of EPA’s Regulatory Program
July 30, 2012 97-290
Copeland, Claudia

Asian Pacific Americans In The United States Congress
June 12, 2013 97-398
Tong, Lorraine H.

Salaries Of Members Of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2014
October 27, 2014 97-615
Brudnick, Ida A.

Points Of Order In The Congressional Budget Process
July 11, 2013 97-865
Saturno, James V.

Internet Domain Names: Background And Policy Issues
November 26, 2014 97-868
Kruger, Lennard G.

Why Certain Trade Agreements Are Approved As Congressional-Executive Agreements Rather Than As Treaties
April 15, 2013 97-896
Smith, Jane M.; et al.

Congressional Oversight
October 17, 2012 97-936
Halchin, L. Elaine; Kaiser, Frederick M.

Procedural Distinctions Between The House And The Committee Of The Whole
October 17, 2014 98-143
Schneider, Judy

House Committee On Ethics: A Brief History Of Its Evolution And Jurisdiction
November 27, 2013 98-15
Straus, Jacob R.

House Committees: Categories And Rules For Committee Assignments
October 17, 2014 98-151
Scheider, Judy

Committee Types And Roles
November 10, 2014 98-241
Heitshusen, Valerie

Senate Unanimous Consent Agreements: Potential Effects On The Amendment Process
August 15, 2014 98-310
Heitschusen, Valerie

Social Security: The Windfall Elimination Provision (WEP)
February 15, 2013 98-35
Scott, Christine

Senate Consideration Of Treaties
November 10, 2014 98-384
Heitshusen, Valerie

Guide To Individuals Seated On The House Dais
November 10, 2014 98-396
Heitshusen, Valerie

Guide To Individuals Seated On The Senate Dais
August 13, 2013 98-397
Heitshusen, Valerie

Basic Federal Budgeting Terminology
November 26, 2012 98-410
Heniff, Bill Jr.

Invoking Cloture In The Senate
November 25, 2013 98-425
Davis, Christopher M.

Congressional Liaison Offices Of Selected Federal Agencies
December 2, 2014 98-446
Crane-Hirsch, Audrey Celeste

Introducing A House Bill Or Resolution
July 7, 2014 98-458
Oleszek, Mark J.

Introducing A Senate Bill Or Resolution
July 7, 2014 98-459
Oleszek, Mark J.

House Committee Hearings: Preparation
November 26, 2012 98-488
Davis, Christopher M.

Baselines And Scorekeeping In The Federal Budget Process
November 26, 2012 98-560
Heniff, Bill Jr.

Premium Tax Credits And Federal Health Insurance Exchanges: Questions And Answers
December 19, 2014 R43833
Staman, Jennifer A.; et al.

Overview Of Selected Federal Criminal Civil Rights Statutes
December 16, 2014 R43830
Smith, Alison M.

Cybersecurity Issues And Challenges: In Brief
December 16, 2014 R43831
Fischer, Eric A.

Ebola: Selected Legal Issues
December 16, 2014 R43829
Cole, Jared P.; et al.

Russian Compliance With The Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty: Background And Issues For Congress
December 16, 2014 R43832
Woolf, Amy F.

Bonus Depreciation: Economic And Budgetary Issues
July 7, 2014 R43432
Gravelle, Jane G.

Radio Broadcasting Chips For Smartphones: A Status Report
December 15, 2014 R43828
Moore, Linda K.

CRS Insights: Economic Crisis In Russia
December 17, 2014 IN10200
Nelson, Rebecca M.

Islamic State In Egypt: Implications For U.S.-Egyptian Relations
December 18, 2014 IN10199
Sharp, Jeremy M.

International Terrorism and Transnational Crime: Security Threats, U.S. Policy, and Considerations for Congress
2010 R41004-2010
Rollings, John; et al.