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1 Rebecca Johnson, Experts, Advocates and Partners: Civil Society and the Conference on Disarmament 1 (2011)

handle is hein.unl/unaadz0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Civil Society and the
Conference on Disarmament
February 2011
The CD Discussion Series
Between December 2010 and July 2011, the UNIDIR project The Conference on
Disarmament: Breaking the Ice and the Geneva Forum are organizing a series of
thematic discussions to examine the myths and realities of the CD-as well as the
critical challenges facing it-with the aim to increase understanding of the history,
processes and issue areas of this unique negotiating forum.
Experts, Advocates and Partners: Civil Society and
the Conference on Disarmament'
Dr Rebecca Johnson, Acronym Institute for Disarmament Diplomacy
Civil society has played a very significant part in bringing disarmament objectives
to governmental and public attention on issues ranging from banning cluster
munitions and anti-personnel landmines to implementing the nuclear Non-
Proliferation Treaty (NPT) prohibiting nuclear testing. Partnership between
governments and civil society actors brought about the 1997 Mine Ban Treaty
and the 2008 Cluster Munitions Convention.2 Less formally, and utilizing a
considerable tactical toolbox, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and
civil society kept alive the hope of a Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
(CTBT) and worked closely with government scientists and officials to develop
verification solutions and create the conditions that enabled the Conference on
Disarmament (CD) to bring the CTBT to conclusion.
Women's and human rights organizations, such as Women's International League
for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) and Amnesty International, were the driving force
behind the adoption of UN Security Council resolution 1325 on women, peace
and security. Civil society has also engaged very actively in efforts to promote
the elimination of nuclear, chemical and biological arsenals, and in developing
and implementing the Programme of Action on small arms and light weapons.
For all these weapons types, civil society has worked both with governments and
communities to stigmatize the use and possession of such weapons, constrain
trafficking and create and strengthen norms to drive governmental and diplomatic
initiatives towards further agreements, resolutions or treaties.

SDAS FOR PEACE AND SECURIT

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