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The Potential Distributional Effects of the Alternative Minimum Tax, Date: July 19, 2005 1 (July 19, 2005)

handle is hein.tera/crstax0022 and id is 1 raw text is: Order Code RS22200
July 19, 2005
CRS Report for Congress
Received through the CRS Web
The Potential Distributional Effects of the
Alternative Minimum Tax
Gregg Esenwein
Specialist in Public Finance
Government and Finance Division
Summary
The alternative minimum tax for individuals (AMT) was originally enacted to
ensure that high-income taxpayers paid a fair share of the federal income tax. However,
the lack of indexation of the AMT coupled with the recent reductions in regular income
taxes has greatly expanded the potential impact of this tax.
Temporary increases in the AMT exemption are scheduled to expire at the end of
2005. If this occurs, then certain taxpayers will be more adversely affected than others.
In general, married taxpayers filing joint returns will be more adversely affected than
single taxpayers. In addition, taxpayers with large families will be more adversely
affected than taxpayers with small families.
In terms of income, the largest increase in taxpayers subject to the AMT will occur
over adjusted gross income (AGI) ranges of $100,000 to $500,000. Taxpayers with
AGIs between $50,000 and $100,000 will eventually be affected, with the negative
effects of the AMT growing substantially over time. Taxpayers with AGIs above
$500,000 will not be significantly affected by the expiration of the higher AMT
exemption.
This report will be updated as legislative action warrants or as new data become
available.
Background
The alternative minimum tax (AMT) for individuals was originally enacted to ensure
that all taxpayers, especially high-income taxpayers, paid at least a minimum amount of
federal taxes. However, absent legislative action, there will be a significant increase in
the number of middle- to upper-middle-income taxpayers affected by the AMT in the near
future. In 2004, about 3 million taxpayers were subject to the AMT, but by 2006, up to
21 million taxpayers could be subject to the AMT.

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