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1 Lyman Stone & Joseph Henchman, Lottery Tax Rates Vary Greatly by State 1 (2013)

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FOUNDATION
December 17, 2013
No. 407
Lottery Tax Rates Vary Greatly By State
By
Lyman Stone erfoseph Henchman
Introduction
With the Mega Millions jackpot reaching a record $586 million, Americans in 43 states and the District of
Columbia are lining up to buy tickets for Friday's drawing. Everyone knows that winners must choose
between a lump sum payment and installment payments, but where you purchase your winning ticket also
matters, due to state income and withholding taxes.
As with wage income, some amount of lottery winnings is withheld for the government before you calculate
your total tax bill when filing your income tax the following year. While lottery winnings of $600 or less are
not reported to the IRS, winnings in excess of $5,000 are subject to a 25 percent federal withholding tax. In
other words, if one person wins the jackpot and chooses the $316 million lump sum cash option, $79
million will go straight to the IRS. Next April, the jackpot winner or winners can see if any of that amount
gets refunded or if they owe even more.
The same is true at the state level. While lottery winnings are subject to state income tax in most states,
withholding tax varies from zero (California, Delaware, Pennsylvania, and the states with no state income
tax) to over 12 percent in New York City. (See Table 1, below.) Arizona and Maryland have withholding
rates for non-residents, so an out-of-state winner who bought a ticket in those two states could face double
withholding.

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