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1 Joseph Henchman, et al., Ending the Nexus Guessing Game for Taxpayers: Lamtec Corp. v. Washington Department of Revenue 1 (2011)

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June 16, 2011
No. 274
Ending the Nexus Guessing Game for
Taxpayers: Lamtec Corp. v. Washington
Department of Revenue
By
Joseph Henchman, Dirk Giseburt, and Laura Lieberman
The Tax Foundation today filed a brief with the U.S. Supreme Court, asking them to take the case of Lamtec
Corp. v. Department of Revenue of the State of Washington. The case involves the State of Washington's effort to
impose tax on economic activity occurring in other states.
Our brief argues that this activity is properly taxed by other states, and that Washington's action threatens to
impose unconstitutional burdens on interstate commerce. We ask the Supreme Court to reaffirm its physical
presence rule for state taxation, which limits state taxing power to entities with property or employees within the
state. Such a ruling would provide relief from increasingly burdensome uncertainty and inconsistency in
interstate taxation.
States Have Resisted 1992 Supreme Court Ruling Upholding Physical Presence Rule
In Quill Corp. v. North Dakota (1992), the U.S. Supreme Court reaffirmed a physical presence standard in the
context of sales and use taxes.1 The Court cited the fact that the statute in question encompassed vendors who
merely advertised in the state, and that replicating it nationwide would subject them to collection duties and
compliance costs associated with tracking thousands of different tax rates, exemption lists, and administrative
requirements.
The Court noted the value of a bright-line standard in Quill. Undue burdens on interstate commerce may be
avoided not only by a case-by-case evaluation of the actual burdens imposed by particular regulations or taxes,
but also, in some situations, by the demarcation of a discrete realm of commercial activity that is free from
interstate taxation.'2 This bright-line standard has achieved this objective; litigation about the content of the
physical presence standard in corporate, individual, and sales tax contexts has been limited.
Many states have nonetheless sought to impose business activity taxes on remote entities under the general
Joseph Henchman is Vice President of State & Legal Projects at the Tax Foundation, Dirk Giseburt
is Counsel of Record, and Laura Lieberman is a law clerk at the Tax Foundation.
1 Quill Corp. v. North Dakota, 504 U.S. 298 (1992).

2 Id at 315.

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