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12 Youth Violence & Juv. Just. 3 (2014)

handle is hein.journals/yvja12 and id is 1 raw text is: Article Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice 2014, Vol 12(I) 3-21 Ke The Author(s) 2013 Violence and Externalizing Reprints and permission: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Behavior Am ong Youth in the DOI 10. 177/1541204013478973 yvj.sagepub.com United States: Is There a OSAGE Severe 5%? Michael G. Vaughn', Christopher P. Salas-Wright2, Matt DeLisi3, and Brandy R. Maynard' Abstract Despite research demonstrating that approximately 5% of study populations are composed of severely antisocial persons who account for a disproportionate share of problem behaviors, there have been no nationally representative studies assessing this phenomenon among adolescents. Using a large nationally representative sample (N 18,614), we identified a severe group (4.7% of respondents) characterized by involvement in varied and intensive externalizing behaviors, greater internalizing, lower academic achievement, and less parental involvement. The current study is the first nationally representative study of criminal careers/externalizing behaviors among adolescents in the United States, which is convergent with prior research and theory. Keywords criminal career, externalizing behavior, antisocial behavior, youth Introduction The asymmetrical nature of offending is profound. Put simply, a majority of problem behaviors are committed by a minority of persons (DeLisi & Piquero, 2011; Thornberry, Huizinga, & Loeber, 1995; Tracy, Wolfgang, & Figlio, 1990; Walters, 2012; Wolfgang, Figlio, & Sellin, 1972). The repeated empirical finding that approximately 5% of a sample or population is com- posed of individuals, usually male but not exclusively, that account for a disproportionate share of offenses is critical for prevention science and policy to address. Arguably, it is the essence of the crime problem. A large and convergent literature has documented the severe 5% linked to a number of important but overlapping theoretical constructs such as life-course- persistent offender, serious, violent, and chronic delinquent, early-onset severe conduct 1 School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA 2School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA 3 Department of Sociology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA Corresponding Author: Michael G. Vaughn, School of Social Work, Saint Louis University, 3550 Lindell Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA. Email: mvaughn9@slu.edu

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