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41 Yale J. on Reg. 1 (2024)

handle is hein.journals/yjor41 and id is 1 raw text is: 










Credit Markets and the Visible Hand: The
Discount Window and the Macroeconomy


Peter Conti-Brown?   & David  Skeeltt

     In times  of crisis such as the 2008  financial crisis and the 2020
COVID-19 pandemic central banks throughout the world engage in
interventions  with  lasting  effects on   financial  markets   and   the
macroeconomy,   for better and worse. The negative political consequences
of  these  interventions-fears   of  politicizing central  banking   and
inflationary concerns  about  dramatic  interventions among   them-can
dampen   the enthusiasm for such  interventions early in the face of crisis.
This  dynamic  creates a dilemma  for  the US  central bank, the Federal
Reserve, causing it to eschew interventions beyond monetary  policy until
the crisis has already crashed, at which point the Fed  moves  into every
aspect of  policy throughout  the  economy.   This Article highlights the
inadequacy   of  this dynamic.   Sole  reliance on  monetary   policy  is
insufficient in the face of growing crisis, while the Fed's vast emergency
lending  facilities face ever stiffer political, inflationary, and equity
concerns.  The   Article  advocates  instead      for a   new   approach   to
macroeconomic   stability, not just through monetary policy or emergency
interventions, but through judicious use of the sleeping giant of Fed policy,
the bank-intermediated  discount  window.  Focusing  on  the problematic
credit market for  debtors-in-possession in the midst of bankruptcy,  the
Article suggests a reformed system that safeguards the Fed, supports small
and  medium-sized  enterprises, and stabilizes the macroeconomy   without
exposing the system to the pockets of instability that the Fed's overreliance
on dramatic intervention can do.








     t  Class of 1965 Associate Professor of Financial Regulation, The Wharton School of the
University of Pennsylvania; Nonresident Fellow in Economics Studies, Brookings Institution.
     t   S. Samuel Arsht Professor of Corporate Law, University of Pennsylvania. We are
grateful for feedback at various stages from Vince Buccola, Don Kohn, Kate Judge, Adam
Levitin, Lev Menand, Melody Wang, David Wessel, and the participants in the Wharton-
Hastings Corporate Restructuring & Insolvency Seminar, the BYU Winter Deals Conference,
and the Goethe University Finance Department works, and to Si Sun and Anne Wheat for
extraordinary research assistance.


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