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92 W. Va. L. Rev. 577 (1989-1990)
Clearly Erroneous: The Fourth Circuit's Decision to Uphold Removal of a State-Bar Disciplinary Proceeding under the Federal-Officer Removal Statute

handle is hein.journals/wvb92 and id is 589 raw text is: West Virginia Law Review
Volume 92                  Spring 1990                 Number 3
CLEARLY ERRONEOUS: THE FOURTH CIRCUIT'S
DECISION TO UPHOLD REMOVAL OF A STATE-
BAR DISCIPLINARY PROCEEDING UNDER THE
FEDERAL-OFFICER REMOVAL STATUTE
FRANYLiN D. CLECKLEY*
I.  INTRODUCTION ........................................................  578
II. THE LACK OF LEGAL GROUNDS FOR THE KoLIBsH
D ECISION  ...............................................................  585
A. The Unreviewability on Appeal of the District
Court's Remand Order ..................................... 585
B. The Under Color of Office Requirement and the
Averment of a Federal Defense: The Insufficiency
of  the  Pleadings ...............................................  594
C. The Under Color of Office Requirement and the
Averment of a Federal Defense: The Unavailability
of an Immunity Defense ................................... 603
D. The Absence of Other Federal Interests Sufficient
to  Support Removal ......................................... 609
E. The Inconsistency of Kolibash with Supreme Court
Precedent Recognizing the Important State Interest
in Regulating Attorney Misconduct ..................... 615
F. The Civil Action or Criminal Prosecution Re-
quirement: The Special Status of Disciplinary
Proceedings .....................................................  621
* Arthur B. Hodges Professor of Law, West Virginia University College of Law; A.B. 1962,
Anderson College; J.D. 1965, Indiana University at Bloomington; LL.M. 1969, Harvard University.

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