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12 Theoretical Criminology 5 (2008)

handle is hein.journals/thcr12 and id is 1 raw text is: 




                                        Theoretical Criminology Iii
                                        0 2008 SAGE Publications
                                           Los Angeles, London,
                                        New Delhi and Singapore
                                        www.sagepublications.com
                                      Vol. 12(1): 5-30; 1362-4806
                                 DOI: 10.1177/1362480607085792




Dealing with disorder

Social   control   in  the post-industrial city


KATHERINE BECKETT AND STEVE HERBERT
University  of Washington,   USA


Abstract

Over the past two decades, municipal governments across the
United States have adopted novel social control techniques
including off-limits orders, parks exclusion laws, and other
applications of trespass law. These new tools are used to exclude the
socially marginal from contested public spaces. These new social
control techniques fuse criminal and civil legal authority and are
touted as 'alternatives' to arrest and incarceration. Ironically, these
new techniques nonetheless increase the number of behaviors and
people defined as criminal and subject to formal social control. This
article describes these legal innovations and considers their origins
and theoretical implications. We argue that recognition of law's
constitutive effects helps to explain the origins and nature of the
urban social control innovations described here.

Key  Words

broken windows  policing * neoliberalism * spatial governmentality *
urban social control

Recent developments  in urban social control have been the subject of much
commentary.   Geographers,  sociologists, criminologists, and others have
called attention to new architectural forms of socio-spatial exclusion as well
as to the popularity of 'broken windows' policing and the 'civility' laws that
are ostensibly aimed at enhancing order and security. Although there is sig-
nificant variation in the extent to which these techniques are employed, it is
clear that municipal governments across the United States are implementing
new  legal tools aimed at cleaning up contested urban  spaces (see Davis,


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