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33 Santa Clara Computer & High Tech. L. J. 1 (2016-2017)

handle is hein.journals/sccj33 and id is 1 raw text is: 










     INDIFFERENCE AND SECONDARY LIABILITY FOR
                  COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT

                         Richard  G.  Kunkelt


     Online   infringements   of copyright   have  been   rampant   for
decades  and shows  no  signs of abating. Owners  of copyrighted films,
music  and  books  have  attempted  to hold  infringers liable, but the
expense   of enforcing  their rights  against individual  infringers is
prohibitive. A  more  effective method of preventing infringement  is to
attempt   to hold  online  intermediaries,  such  as  Internet  Service
Providers  (ISPs), secondarily liable for the primary infringements  of
their subscribers.   Theories of contributory  infringement,  vicarious
liability and  inducement   liability all rely on  affirmative acts  by
intermediaries  that facilitate infringement by others.  In Roadshow
Films   Pty  Limited  v  iiNet Limited,  the  Australian  High   Court
considered  whether  an ISP's indifference to primary infringements  by
its  subscribers   would   make the ISP secondarily liable for
authorising   the infringements   under  Australia's  Copyright  Act.
The  High  Court  unanimously  ruled that the ISP was  not secondarily
liable for  its indifference -  despite  knowing   of specific  acts of
infringement  and  having  ongoing   control over  its users' accounts.
The  decision has  important  legal and public policy  implications for
secondary   liability for Internet  intermediaries   in Australia  and
worldwide.     The  High  Court   decision  and  its ramifications  are
discussed  in this article.





     T  Associate Professor in the Department of Ethics and Business Law of the Opus
College of Business at the University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN. The research for this article
was facilitated by research grants from the Opus College of Business and by a sabbatical grant
from the Faculty Development Center at the University of St. Thomas. Thanks to Jennifer
O'Reilly for her research assistance, editing and encouragement. Thanks also to John Evans,
Paul and Pauline von Nessen, Chris and Martin Goodall, Martin and Pauline Wright, Ian and
Irene Hughes, Jeanette and Lance Hacket, Bill and Susan Willesee for their support of my
sabbatical activities in Australia. My greatest thanks are for my wife, Pam, for her constant
support of my academic adventures.


I

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