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85 Prison J. 5 (2005)

handle is hein.journals/prsjrnl85 and id is 1 raw text is: OVERVIEW SALLY STEVENS Special Issue Editor As the number of people with alcohol and drug problems under criminal justice supervision continues to increase, treatment providers, criminal jus- tice officials, and policy makers look for effective interventions to reduce both substance use and criminal behavior. Although research findings have supported the effectiveness of treatment programs with these populations, enhanced outcomes may be evidenced if the nuances of various groups of drug and criminally involved populations are better understood. Toward this end, this special issue includes a diverse collection of articles in an effort to address treatment concerns and illuminate critical issues that may have implications for further improving substance abuse treatment interventions for special populations. Because of the limited availability of substance abuse treatments for crim- inally involved populations, the first concern involves who should be referred to treatment. Accurate screening to detect substance use screening is critical. The first article, UNCOPE: A Screen for Substance Dependence Among State Prison Inmates, evaluates a six-item alcohol and drug screen, UNCOPE, for accuracy, including analysis of gender and ethnic subgroups. Results indicate the overall accuracy of the screen for both genders and all ethnic groups. The second and third articles focus on substance-involved male offenders. Acknowledging the high percentage of arrestees with serious substance use and mental illness issues, Outcomes of a New York City Jail Diversion Pro- gram for Offenders With Alcohol, Drug, and Mental Disorders provides a description of the population and outcome comparisons of diversion pro- grams. Results support the benefits of jail diversion programs and the increased positive benefits of more structured, court-involved diversion programs. Health concerns of substance users are substantial given typically inade- quate nutrition and dental care and risks of drug overdose, infections related to drug injection, and HIV. To understand variances in lifetime service usage of male drug-abusing offenders, Lifetime Health Services by Male Drug- THE PRISON JOURNAL, Vol. 85 No. 1, March 2005 5-6 DOI: 10.1177/0032885504274286 © 2005 Sage Publications 5

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