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44 Policing: Int'l J. 1 (2021)

handle is hein.journals/polic44 and id is 1 raw text is: The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available on Emerald Insight at: https://www.emerald.com/insight/1363-951X.htm Stress and memory: a systematic state-of-the-art review with evidence-gathering recommendations for police Paula M. Di Nota Office ofApplied Research and Graduate Studies, Justice Institute ofBritish Columbia, New Westminster, Canada and Psychology, University of Toronto-Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada Bryce E. Stoliker Forensic Behavioural Science and Justice Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada Adam D. Vaughan School of Criminal Justice, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA Judith P. Andersen Psychology, University of Toronto-Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada, and Gregory S. Anderson Faculty of Science, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, Canada Abstract Purpose - The purpose of this study isto synthesize recent empirical research investigating memory of stressful critical incidents (both simulated and occurring in the field) among law enforcement officers. Design/methodology/approach - The study used the approach of systematic state-of-the-art review. Findings - In total, 20 studies of police and military officers show reduced detail and accuracy of high- versus low-stress incidents, especially for peripheral versus target information. Decrements in memory performance were mediated by the extent of physiological stress responses. Delayed recall accuracy was improved among officers that engaged in immediate post-incident rehearsal, including independent debriefing or reviewing body-worn camera footage. Research limitations/implications - Most studies were not found through systematic database searches, highlighting a need for broader indexing and/or open access publishing to make research more accessible. Practical implications -By understanding how stress physiology enhances or interferes with memory encoding, consolidation and recall, evidence-based practices surrounding post-incident evidence gathering are recommended. Social implications - The current review addresses common public misconceptions of enhanced cognitive performance among police relative to the average citizen. Stress and memory 1 Received 15 June 2020 Revised 3 September 2020 Accepted 2 October 2020 © Paula M. Di Nota, Bryce E. Stoliker, Adam D. Vaughan, Judith P. Andersen and Gregory S. Anderson. Published by Emerald Publishing Limited. This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) licence. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this licence may be seen at http://creativecommons. org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode The authors have no known conflicts of interest to declare. G. Anderson was Dean of Applied Research and Graduate Studies at the Justice Institute of British Columbia at the time of writing this paper. P. Di Nota's postdoctoral fellowship was funded by the Centre for the Prevention and Reduction of Violence at the Justice Institute of British Columbia. Policing: An International Journal Vol. 44 No. 1, 2021 pp. 1-17 Emerald Publishing Limited 1363-951X DOI 10.11OS/PJPSM-063-202-0093

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