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2019 Penalmente Relevant 10 (2019)

handle is hein.journals/penalrelv4 and id is 1 raw text is: NR. I / 2019 PENALMENTE/ RELEVANT EXPERTIZA GENETICA IN CAUZELE PENALE DNA FORENSINC EXAMINATION IN CRIMINAL CASES L .................. ............... Dragos-Vasile LEORDEAN' Mihai SUIAN2 Avocat - Baroul Cluj Daniel Ureche3 Asist. univ. drd. Facultatea de Medicind, UMF Cluj-Napoca ABSTRACT 7he main objective of this article is to promote the use of molecular biology techniques in thefield of DNA forensic examinations. By analysing the definition of DNA forensic examination within the Criminal Procedure Code, which only refers to the National System of Genetic Data (RO. S.N.D. G.J.), the authors signal the limitations imposed by law regarding the gathering of genetic data outside of a given format. In spite of these limitations, the objectives of administering evidence in a criminal case, as wel as the teleological interpretation ofprocedural legislation must be taken into account - which permit the use of any method or scient~ffc approach in conducting DNA forensic examinations. 7his article describes the basic and most-commonly employed methods in molecular biology and underlines their applicability to criminal investigations. 7heir applicability is determined by theproblems that require addressing in the various stages of the criminal investigation and/or case. 7he authors present the prosecution of Richardj Schmidt by the State of Louisiana as a case study, for second degree attempted murder, by the exposure of his victim to HIV, as well as Hepatitis C virus. 7he criminal investigation employed DNA forensic examination, which employed DNA sequencing of HIV viral DNA, as well as bioinformatics and statistical methods, in determing the relationship between viralpopulations in the victim and one of the patients of the suspect. 7his represents thefirst case in the U S.A. in which DNA comparison was used on viral DNA to establish a link between two individuals. Keywords: DNA forensic examination, genetic profile, DNA sequencing, molecular biology techniques, HIV infection, State ofLouisiana v. RobertJ Schmidt. REZUMAT Prin acest articol autorii doresc sd promovezefolosirea tehnicilor de biologie moleculard in cadrul unor expertize genetice judiciare. Pornind de la definitia expertizei genetice date de Codul de procedurd penald, care face referire strict la Sistemul National de Date Genetice Judiciare, autorii atrag atentia asupra limitdrilor impuse de legislaltia privind realizarea profilurilor genetice in afara unui anumit tipar. Cu toate acestea, trebuie avute in vedere scopul administrdriiprobei in procesulpenal si a interpretdrii teleologice a legislaltieiprocesuale - carepermitfolosirea oricdrei 1 La momentul publicdrii acestui articol, autorul era doctor in Fiziologie, Anatomie si Geneticd, al Universitdtii Oxford si licentiat in Geneticd la Universitatea din Manchester. Date contact: dragosleordean@gmail.com ' La momentul public~rii acestui articol, autorul era avocat in cadrul Baroului Cluj si doctorand al Facultdtii de Drept din cadrul Universitdtii Babes-Bolyai, Cluj-Napoca, Rommia. Date contact: mihaisuian@gmail.com; 3 La momentul public~rii acestui articol, autorul era asist. univ. drd. la catedra de Medicind Legald a Facultdtii de Medicind din cadrul Universittii de Medicind si Farmacie ,,Juliu Hatieganu Cluj-Napoca. Date contact: ureche.daniel.ioan@gmail.com;

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