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128 Pol. Sci. Q. 1 (2013-2014)

handle is hein.journals/pclscceqry128 and id is 1 raw text is: 







How the Economy and Partisanship


Shaped the 2012 Presidential and

Congressional Elections
















                                                GARY C. JACOBSON

BY  ALL  ACCOUNTS, Mitt Romney and his closest campaign advisers
were surprised and shocked by Romney's  loss to Barack Obama  in the 2012
election.1 The flawed internal polling in battleground states2 that projected
a decisive Romney  victory seemed  credible to the Romney  camp-despite
contrary reports from numerous  public surveys-because  it confirmed what
they had believed all along: the economy would  ultimately make Obama   a
one-term  president, just as it had Jimmy Carter in 1980 and G.H.W. Bush
in 1992. This was a reasonable belief. The U.S. economy had been growing
since the Great Recession ended  in the summer  of 2009, but too slowly to
produce  robust growth  in jobs or family incomes. Unemployment stayed
above  8 percent until September  of the election year; poverty rates were



1Jan Crawford, Advisor: Romney Shellshocked by Loss, CBS News, 8 November 2012, accessed at http://
www.cbsnews.com/8301-250_162-57547239/adviser-romney-shellshocked-by-loss, 9 November 2012;
Romney had prepared a victory speech but not a concession speech, and his campaign had scheduled a
fireworks show in Boston harbor to celebrate their victory; see Glen Johnson, Romney Had Fireworks
Display Set for Election Night, The Boston Globe, accessed at http://www.bostonglobe.com/news/politics/
2012/11/08/mitt-romney-planned-boston-harbor-fireworks-show-that-was-scotched-election-loss/
Gylk1HhYLn63NSzNdQo6LJ/story.html, 12 November 2012.
2Noam Scheiber, Exclusive: The Internal Polls That Made Romney Think He'd Win, The New Republic,
accessed at http://www.tnr.com/blog/plank/110597/exclusive-the-polls-made-mitt-romney-think-hed-
win#, 4 December 2012.

GARY  C. JACOBSON is Distinguished Professor of Political Science at the University of
California, San Diego, and has published extensively on U.S. elections and public opinion.
His most recent book is A Divider Not a Uniter: George W Bush and the American People,
2nd Edition.

POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY   I Volume 128 Number 1 2013  www.psgonline.org
© 2013 Academy of Political Science                                     1

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