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3 New Yugoslav L. 1 (1952)

handle is hein.journals/newyugl3 and id is 1 raw text is: NEW YUGOSLAV LAW EDITORIAL NOTE In this number of the bulletin we publish the latest Yugoslav laws, which the Yugo- slav National Assembly passed at the end of 1951 (December 27-30) and at its session at the beginning of 1952 (March 28 to April 1). At first glance these laws would appear to belong to two differing spheres of juridi- cal regulating: the organisation of authority and the organisation of economy respectively. However, between these laws there exist, as it were, organic links and they mutually comple- ment each other. but even that is not all. The said laws, particularly the General Law on the People's Committees and the Law on the Planned Management of National Economy, represent le- gislative acts which lay down the juridical foundations of a new social and State order in Yugoslavia. This social and State order has and must have certain novel and original features and organisational forms making it the order of a socialist democracy. These laws are indicat- ive of both the further paths and the attained forms of socialist democracy in Yugoslavia. by these new paths and forms the Yugoslav State differs considerably from the earlier State order which, if not identical, had been similar to the Soviet order in its external organisational forms. The juridical elaboration of certain basic issues of socialism and the Socialist State such as the question of relationships between the State and the economy, planning,, the status and rights of autonomous economic organisations, the budgetary rights of Federal Government, People's Republics and local self-governing organs, the organisation and the rights of local self-government toward the central State organs - should, we believe, interest not only legal theoreticians and jurists in general, but even other specialists in the sphere of social science. Starting from varying political and ideological viewpoints, for almost two centuries now the question of the so-called decentralisation, or, rather, of the place and role of local organs of self-government in the State organisation, especially in one tending to be democratic, has formed the subject of controversial deliberation. Although there exist the most varied plans for such a reorganisation of administrative division and local self-government in most countries of the world, nonetheless it is in this province of State and juridical build-up that the least daring came to be displayed. Time is still being marked, i.e. old principles and forms are pursued. The crisis of local self-government is the order of the day not only of contemporary political science but of political practice as well. UNESCO is 'launch- ing a great international inquiry on the problems of local self-government with the object of scientifically establishing the correctness or incorrectness of the familiar premise that local self-government is essential to democracy and of its representing the school of democratism. In Yugoslavia, since the very inception of the new State, local self-government has been of vast interest not only to political science but even to the practice of State build-up. The dispute on the importance or non-importance of local self-government was settled in the affirmative even during the course of the People's Revolution itself, when People's Committees were formed as the representative bodies of popular self-government in localities, communes., townships, districts and counties. Within a comparatively brief historical span, from 1946 to 1952, in Yugoslavia there were enacted three laws on People's Committees, or, more accurately, on local self-government. These laws were devoted to juridical elaborating of the constantly growing role of local self-government in the system of authority of people's democracy. But more even than the previous two laws, the new law (the text of which is integrally reproduced in the present issue of the Bulletin) corroborates the premise of tie question of local self-government being a central one relative to the State organisation of socialist de- mocracy. The new law endeavours to confirm that the organs of local self--government stand for the basic organs of authority and for the foundations of the State system of socialist demo-

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