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2 Nyaayshastra L. Rev. 1 (2021)

handle is hein.journals/nalervw2 and id is 1 raw text is: Volume iI Issue I                                                         NLR I Nyaayshastra Law Review
May 2021                                                                 ISSN: 2582 -8479
www.nyaayshastra.com
A REFERENCE TO THE ECOLOGICAL LEGISLATIONS AND GOVERNMENTAL
ACTIONS FOR THE PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION OF ENVIRONMENT AND
BIODIVERSITY IN INDIA.
Hemandh Viswanath, Pondicherry Central University
ABSTRACT
Environmentalism is not a fixed concept. It is always evolving and is influenced by its context. This
also applies to Indian environmentalism. The concept of environmentalism has developed and
changed throughout the years. There is a rapid evolution in the Indian legislation on the
environment after independence. We can see environmental laws even from ancient times which
include Buddhism and Jainism rules. The legacy of these ancient laws continues to the medieval
and British era and the coming of modern legislations on environmental laws in India. A great
sense of concern has been shown by the legislature and even the Indian judiciary regarding the
environment with its landmark judgements. Some of the important landmark legislations are:-
1.    Policy and Laws in Ancient India (500 BC-1638 AD)
2.    Policy and Laws in Medieval India (1638-1800 AD)
3.    Shore Nuisance (Bombay and Kolaba) Act, 1853
4.    The Merchant Shipping Act of 1858
5.    The Indian Fisheries Act, 1897
6.     The Bengal Smoke Nuisance Act of 1905
7.    Bombay Smoke Nuisance Act of 1912
8.    Wild Birds and Animals Protection Act, 1912
9.    Indian Forest Act, 1927
10.   Wild life protection act, 1972
11.   Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act 1960
12.   Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
13.   The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
iIn

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