![handle is hein.journals/mlro115 and id is 1 raw text is:
DELEGATING PEACE ENFORCEMENT
MISSIONS-BUT TO WHOM?
WHAT THE U.N.'S RECENT
RECOMMENDATION REVEALS ABOUT
TODAY'S CRISIS IN LEGITIMATE ACTORS FOR
ROBUST PEACE OPERATIONS
Karima Tawfik*
INTRODUCTION
On June 17, 2015, under the instructions of Secretary General Ban Ki-
moon, the United Nations (U.N.) reviewed its peace operations and
submitted its findings to member states. The report, titled Report of the
High-Level Independent Panel on Peace Operations on Uniting Our
Strengths for Peace: Politics, Partnership, and People, recommends-
among an array of other reforms-that the Security Council move away
from authorizing peace operations conducted entirely through the U.N. and,
instead, delegate peace operations in situations of sustained armed conflict to
non-U.N. actors, such as regional organizations and ad hoc coalitions of
member states.
This recent recommendation by the U.N. panel is a symbol of today's
crisis in peace operations, which arises from the lack of legitimate actors to
conduct robust peacekeeping missions-that is, those peace operations
conducted in environments with no peace to keep2 or in situations of
violent conflict and in the absence of a viable peace process.' In such
instances of sustained armed conflict, the U.N. has increasingly authorized
* J.D., December 2015, University of Michigan Law School. Winner of the Michigan
Law Review First Impressions Writing Competition 2016. I would like to thank Professor
Monica Hakimi for her guidance on this Essay and for her course, the Use of Force in
International Law, which provided the subject-matter background on peacekeeping missions.
1. Rep. of the High-Level Indep. Panel on Peace Operations on Uniting Our Strengths
for Peace: Politics, Partnership and People, para. 118, U.N. Doc. A/70/95-S/2015/446 (June 17,
2015) [hereinafter Rep. of the High-Level Indep. Panel].
2. Id. at 12; see also Mateja Peter, Between Doctrine and Practice: The U.N.
Peacekeeping Dilemma, 21 GLOBAL GOVERNANCE 351, 356 (2015) ([T]he Security Council
is increasingly becoming more willing to deploy peacekeepers where there is no peace to
keep.).
3. Rep. of the High-Level Indep. Panel, supra note 1, at 43.
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