Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing: An Analysis of the Legal, Economic and Historical Factors Relevant to Its Development and Persistence
![handle is hein.journals/meljil5 and id is 305 raw text is: ILLEGAL, UNREPORTED AND UNREGULATED FISHING:
AN ANALYSIS OF THE LEGAL, ECONOMIC AND
HISTORICAL FACTORS RELEVANT TO ITS
DEVELOPMENT AND PERSISTENCE
RACHEL BAIRD*
[The state of global marine fisheries is of common concern to humankind. The emergence and
persistence of noncompliant fisheries practices conveniently (though sometimes confusingly)
labelled 'Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated fishing' (IUU fishing ), is of particular concern
for the international community, regional fisheries management organisations and coastal states.
A number offactors have contributed to the emergence oflUUfishing. Historical and economic
developments have shaped the evolution of modern fisheries and whilst not always desirable,
they are influences that must be accepted and understood. Factors facilitating the persistence of
IUU fishing tend to be primarily legal in nature. Hence there is scope to address these matters
with the aim of creating a legal environment where IUU fishing becomes less attractive. It has
been acknowledged that there is no one single solution to the problem of IUU fishing. It is
argued that this is because there is no one single contributing factor. Rather, noncompliant
fishing is a product of the development of the law of the sea, in particular over the past two
centuries. The law of the sea is itself a product of the political, economic and sometimes legal,
interests of states.]
CONTENTS
I Introduction ........................................................................................................... 300
II U nderstanding IU U Fishing .................................................................................. 301
A IUU Fishing as a Global Problem ............................................................. 302
B IUU Fishing in the Southern Ocean .......................................................... 304
III Historical and Economic Factors as Influences on the
Developm ent of M arine Fisheries ......................................................................... 306
A The Creation of the EEZ and the Displacement of
H igh Seas Fishing V essels ........................................................................ 306
B Capital Investment in M arine Fisheries .................................................... 308
IV Legal Limitations on the Elimination of IUU Fishing .......................................... 312
A Flag State C ontrol ..................................................................................... 3 12
1 The Practice of Reflagging ........................................................... 312
2 The 'Genuine Link' Requirement ................................................. 314
B The Principle of Pacta Tertiis ................................................................... 317
C Striking the Right Balance under Article 73 of UNCLOS ........................ 318
1 Applications for Prompt Release: An Abuse of Process? ............ 318
2 The Tribunal's View of a Reasonable Bond ................................ 320
3 Excluding Non-Financial Conditions ........................................... 321
4 A Broader Interpretation ............................................................... 321
5 Excluding TUU Fishers from the Scope of Article 73 .................. 323
D Applying the Traditional Doctrine of 'Hot Pursuit' to
M odern Fishing Practices .......................................................................... 324
1 The Law regarding 'Hot Pursuit' ................................................. 324
2 M odem Fishing Practices ............................................................. 325
* BA, LLB (Queensland), LLM (Queensland University of Technology), PhD submitted
(Melbourne); Lecturer, School of Law, Deakin University.](ViewImageLocal?handle=hein.journals/meljil5&div=20&collection=&method=preview&ext=.png&size=3)
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