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41 Law & Phil. 1 (2022)

handle is hein.journals/lwphil41 and id is 1 raw text is: Law  and Philosophy (2022) 41: 1-37  © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nanre B.V. 2021
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10982-021-09417-7
TOM DOUGHERTY         ,JOHANN FRICK
MORALITY AND INSTITUTIONAL DETAIL IN THE LAW
OF TORTS: REFLECTIONS ON GOLDBERG'S AND ZIPURSKY'S
RECOGNIZING WRONGS
(Accepted 26 June 2021)
ABSTRACT. In their brilliant and thought-provoking book Recognizing Wrongs,
John Goldberg and Benjamin Zipursky offer a vindicatory interpretation of the law
of torts. As part of this, they offer a justification for what they call the principle of
civil recourse. This is the principle that a person who enjoys a certain kind of
legal right, and whose right has been violated by another, is entitled to enlist the
state's aid in enforcing that right, or to make demands in response to its violation,
as against the person who has violated it. To defend the principle of civil re-
course, Goldberg and Zipursky appeal to three values: equality, fairness, and
individual sovereignty. In this essay, we make two critical points. First, we argue
that Goldberg's and Zipursky's defense errs by omitting a justificatory appeal to
our moral rights and duties as part of the normative foundation of the tort law.
Second, we argue that Goldberg's and Zipursky's arguments do not explain certain
institutional features of the tort law, including the fact that legal duties of redress
emerge only at the conclusion of court cases and the fact that lawsuits are opted
int.o by tort victims who must initiate these actions themselves. To retain what is
philosophically valuable in Goldberg's and Zipursky's impressive defense of the
principle of civil recourse, we conclude with a strategic suggestion on their behalf:
they should split their defense of the principle of civil recourse into two parts, with
the first part justifying the existence of some institution of civil recourse or other
and the second part justifying specific details that this institution should have.
I. INTRODUCTION
In their brilliant and thought-provoking book Recognizing Wrongs,
John Goldberg and Benjamin Zipursky set out to defend a view of
torts as wrongs from influential revisionist challenges (Goldberg and
Zipursky, 2020). According to their opponents from the so-called law
and economics school, tort law should be understood as consisting of

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