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17 Liverpool L. Rev. 3 (1995)

handle is hein.journals/lvplr17 and id is 1 raw text is: The Liverpool Law Review Vol. XVII(1) [19951 AN AGENDA FOR POST-TROUBLES POLICING IN NORTHERN IRELAND - THE SOUTH AFRICAN PRECEDENT Mike Brogden* Introduction A simple truism - Northern Ireland is not South Africa. New models of policing that appear to be working as part of a reform agenda, in a South Africa divided historically by race, cannot easily be applied to the social order of a sectarian-riven society. However, while two mira - cles in one year seem to be too much to expect, there are lessons that can be applied from the South African experience, to reinforce the Northern Ireland peace process. The South African experience provides pointers to reforming Northern Ireland policing structures. Such parallels, however, are subject to caution - South African townships were considerably more united in their support of informal civilian policing agencies than is evident in Northern Ireland - Repub- lican 1 and Loyalist para-military tribunals are not the equivalent of the popular ANC Peoples Courts of the apartheid years. In South Africa, one side won a clear victory (although committed to reconciliation and magnaminity in that victory). There is no obvious victor in Northern Ireland, able to impose its will. And the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) would certainly reject any comparison between itself and the notorious South African Police in the same way that it would deny any claim for the PIRA to represent an Irish ANC. Critically, the reform of the South African Police was on the agenda throughout the three years immediately prior to the April election. Police reform was central to the political process. No commentators in the Northern Ireland Office or at Westminster have yet publicly con - * Director, Institute of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Queen's University of Belfast and International Training Committee of the South African Police Service. 1 Principally, on the Republican side, the Provisional I.R.A. (PIRA), and on the Loyalist side, the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF), the Ulster Defence Association (UDA), and Ulster Freedom Force (UFF).

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