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20 J. Tech. L. & Pol'y 39 (2015)
Breaking Encryption and Gathering Data: International Law Applications

handle is hein.journals/jtlp20 and id is 45 raw text is: BREAKING ENCRYPTION AND GATHERING DATA: INTERNATIONAL LAW APPLICATIONS Grant Hodgson* 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 40 11. ENCRYPTION AND ROUTE SELECTION FOR DATA TRAVELING ON THE INTERNET ................................................... 42 A. How Data Is Encrypted ..................................................... 42 B. Use of Cryptography on the Internet-Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) ........................................................................ 44 C. Networking and How Data Travels Over the Internet ..... 46 1. Routing Between Networks: Border Gate-w ay Protocol ...................................................... 47 2. R outing Policy ............................................................ 47 III. SUMMARY OF THE LAW OF SOVEREIGNTY ............................... 48 A. Rights and Obligations of Sovereignty .............................. 49 B. Protections for Diplomatic Communications .................... 51 IV. How SOVEREIGNTY APPLIES TO GATHERING DATA AND BREAKING ENCRYPTION GENERALLY ....................................... 52 V. HOW THE LAW OF SOVEREIGNTY APPLIES TO SPECIFIC METHODS OF BREAKING ENCRYPTION ..................................... 54 A . Brute Force Attacks .......................................................... 54 1. H ow it W orks ............................................................... 54 2. How the Law Applies ................................................. 55 B. Defeating Cryptography by Obtaining the Key ................. 56 1. H ow it W orks ............................................................... 56 2. How the Law Applies ................................................. 57 C. Man in the Middle Attacks ................................................. 57 1. H ow it W orks ............................................................... 57 2. How the Law Applies ................................................. 59 D. Take Advantage of Predictable Random Number Generators .......................................................... 60 1. H ow it W orks ............................................................... 60 2. How the Law Applies ................................................. 61 * Grant Hodgson, J.D. Candidate, J. Reuben Clark Law School, 2016. The Author would like to thank Eric Talbot Jensen for his guidance. 39

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