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Special Conference Issue 2019 J. Pol. Stud. 1 (2019)

handle is hein.journals/jlo2019 and id is 1 raw text is: Journal of Political Studies, Special Conference Issue, 2019, 01:11 Role of Middle Class in Bringing Democratic Governance in Pakistan Aleeza Ehsan Abstract The paper examines the theoretical framework of the concept of middle class and the notion behind the Karl Marx's concept of class struggle and how the Marxist traditions are still prevalent in the form of class politics and identity politics of Pakistan. By using secondary sources this paper attempts to assess the role of middle class in the politics of Pakistan by critically reviewing the class structure and the growth of new middle-class in post 2007 era and how this class has attained the political role after lawyers movement and after the PTI's (Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf )pop-politics . This paper also attempts to study the trend of protest politics in the developing world and conundrum that democracy faces in this developing part of the globe and how middle class has assumed driving role in it. The social, cultural and religious evolution of this class in Pakistan and in the globalized world, is also explored in the wake of cross-culturalism . The role of middle class in shaping last decade of democracy is also studied by analysing the results of the elections of 2013 and 2018. This paper also suggests incorporating consumerism and marketing based reforms to attract this class towards democratic process. Keywords: Class politics, Identity politics, consumerism, cross-culturalism, new- middle class. Introduction The idea of 'white collar class' or middle class is the most used terms in the sociology, including financial aspects, and political science. It is actually the class that is in between the lower and upper class. The rise of this class in the Asian politics and economies, particularly India and China has evoked enthusiasm for this class worldwide. Lavish customer spending in Asia has kept the economies above water both nationally and domestically. This noteworthy improvement of this class is been regarded significant for economic and political development of a nation and a resulting robustness from it.This social group and class today hold centre stage at most of the financial and political forums. The terms like undermined, thriving, assembled, rising, minimised, are being used n different connotations. This most essential issue is this that who constitutes the white collar class?'. An Indian teacher with a yearly salary of $2,500 is viewed as white collar class yet for an American family the sum may must be around $200,000 before it sees itself as working class and for Pakistani family it's around 30,000. However the income can differentiate but the aspirations, dreams and problems almost revolve around the economies and their participation in politics is solely inspired to solve their economic issue (Aho, 2009). *Author is M. Phil. Scholar, Kinnaird College For Women, Lahore.

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