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10 Inonu U. L. Rev. 1 (2019)

handle is hein.journals/inonu10 and id is 1 raw text is: Miinil ('niwriti iukuk Faki-ltPi Derisi - M01417D 10(1) 1-15 (2019) TURK HUKUKUNDA YABANCI MAHKEME KARARLARININ TENFUwMr'3 MUTEKABNILNYET HARTINA BAK LANMASININ AVRUPA WSAN HAKLARI SOZLE HMES4V.6(1) ACISINDAN DEK ERLEND1RMLMESM THE EVALUATION OF THE RECIPROCITY AS A CONDITION FOR THE ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN JUDGMENTS IN TERMS OF ART. 6(1) OF THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS IN TURKISH LAW DOI: 10.21492/inuhfd.481887 Ilyas ARSLAN Yalova Oniversitesi, Hukuk FakiiltesiMilletlerarasyOzel HukukABD, Dr. Aratirma Gorevlisi ((ilyas.arslan243@gmail.com) ORCID: 0000-0002-1567-2630 Makale Bilgi Gbnderilme: 12/11/2018 Kabul: 07/01/2019 Anahtar Kelimeler Miitekabiliyet, YabancyMahkeme Kararlaryin Tenfizi, Avrupa Msan Haklary Sizle~nesi, Hakkaniyete Uygun Yargy.anma Haky Article Info Received: 12/11/2018 Accepted: 07/01/2019 Keywords Reciprocity, Enforcement of Foreign Judgments, European Convention on Human Rights, Right to a Fair Hearing Ozet 5718 sayili Milletlerarasi Ozel Hukuk ve Usul Hukuku Hakkinda Kanun (MOHUK) m.54 uyarnca yabanci mahkeme kararlannan tenfizi iqin kar~llanmasi gereken $artlardan biri clan mtitekabiliyet, objektif olarak tenfiz yargilamasinan taraflannan menfaatlerini gozetmedigi gibi, boyle bir $artin aranmasinda tenfiz devietinin ne tfir menfaatinin oldugu da tam olarak anla~llamamaktadir. Devletin tamamen psikolajik bir saikle 6ngrmi$ oldugu bir $art clan mtitekabiliyet, taraflar arasinda davalinn lehine bir e~itsizlige yol aqmaktadar. Zira MOHUK m.54'te yer alan diger tenfiz $artlanyla birlikte ele alindiginda, diger tenfiz $artlan vasitasiyla yeterince korunabilecek clan davaliya, boyle bir $artla tenfiz yargilamasinin akibetini ciddi bir $ekilde etkileyen ve geregi olmayan bir koruma saglanmaktadir. Bu nedenle, salt tenfize konu karann men~eini esas alan boyle bir $artin tatbiki, insan haklan hukuku aqlslndan da ciddi problemlere yol aqabilecek mahiyettedir. Ozellikle davacinan Avrupa insan Haklan S~zlemesinde (AIHS) yer alan haklan dikkate alindiginda, sdz konusu $artln tatbiki, yabanci kararla ortaya qikan 6zel hukuka ili$kin bir haktan tenfiz devletinde de yararlanmak isteyen davacinn A-IS m.6(l)'deki hakkaniyete uygun yargilanma hakkinan ihlaline neden olabilir. Bu qallmada, rmitekabiliyetin tatbikinin AHS m.6(l)'i gerqekten ihlal edip etmeyecegi veya hangi hallerde boyle bir ihlalin ortaya qlkabilecegi incelenmeye qallllmautlr. Bu kapsamda, mitekabiliyetin tatbiki suretiyle taraflaran Al-IS m.6(l)'de giivence altina alman hakkaniyete uygun yargilanma hakkinan ihlali iddialannan Avrupa insan Haklan Mahkemesi (AHM) tarafindan nasil bir degerlendirmeye tabi tutulabilecegi AIHM iqtihatlan l1lganda analiz edilmeye qall~llma~tlr. Abstract The reciprocity, which is one of the conditions that must be met for the enforcement of foreign judgments pursuant to Art.54 of Turkish Code on Private International Law and International Civil Procedure numbered 5718 (CPIL), does not objectively take into account of the interests of the parties to the enforcement proceedings, nor it is completely uncertain what kind of interest the enforcing state has in seeking such a condition for a foreign judgment to be enforced. The reciprocity, which can be regarded as a condition prescribed by the state with a purely psychological motive, leads to an inequality in favour of defendant between the parties to the enforcement proceedings. Because, when taken together with other conditions for enforcement under Art.54 of CPIL, the defendant, whose interests can be adequately protected via other conditions, is provided with unnecessary protection which seriously affect the outcome of enforcement proceedings. For this reason, the application of such condition to enforce a foreign judgment, which is purely based on the origin of judgment in question, may also cause serious problems in terms of human rights. Especially considering the claimant's right to a fair trial pursuant to Art.6(l) of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), the application of this condition may cause a violation of that right of the claimant, who wants to enjoy a private right based on a foreign judgments in the enforcing state. In this study, it has been examined whether the application of reciprocity as a condition to enforce a foreign judgment could indeed violate Art. 6(1) of the ECHR or in which cases such a violation may occur. In this context, it has been tried to analyze how the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) assess whether Art. 6(1) of the ECHR was actually violated by the Turkish courts via application of reciprocity in the light of case law of the ECtHR. * Bu makale, Istanbul Oniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstittisti Ozel Hukuk Doktora Program kapsaminda Doq.Dr. Emre ESEN'in danimanliginda hazirlanan ve 28.9.2018 tarihinde savunulan 'Avrupa Msan Haklary Stizle~nesinin Milletlerarasy Ozel Hukuka Etkisi_ adh doktora tezi esas alinarak hazirlanlmitir. Tirk Hukukunda YabancyMahkeme Kararlariyi Tenfizinin Miitekabiliyet -Lrtia Bafllanmasyi/Ai Avrupa Msan HaklaryS5zlenesi M.6(1) Afyydan Deilerlendirilmesi 1

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