About | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline
LOG IN
LOG IN

107 Int'l J. Legal Med. 1 (1994-1995)

handle is hein.journals/injlegame107 and id is 1 raw text is: Int J Leg Med (1994) 107:1-6 Peter J. T. Knudsen Jurgen Svender Doppler radar velocity measurements for wound ballistics experiments Received: 18 October 1993 / Received in revised form: 13 March 1994 © Springer-Verlag 1994 Abstract Bullet velocity is a basic parameter in wound ballistics studies. It is usually measured electronically by means of a variety of solid or photoelectric barriers con- nected to equipment measuring the time elapsing between impulses, enabling the velocity to be calculated. With the advent of Doppler radar velocity measurement of large calibre artillery shells, the use of this equipment for wound ballistics experiments was investigated. Anaes- thetized pigs were shot at a range of 9-10 metres and the velocities measured by Doppler radar and photocells were compared. A very good correspondence between the mea- sured entry and exit velocities in low and medium veloc- ity bullets was found, i.e. an average deviation of less than 1% (range 0-2%) between the two types of equipment. In high velocity bullets measurement of entry velocities was just as good, but in both methods measurement of the exit velocity was complicated by the cluttering of signals by fragments of tissue released from the exit wound and the deflection of the bullet, Doppler radar offers important benefits - simple set up, minimal risk of damage of equip- ment by stray bullets and very good accuracy - and may replace photocells and similar equipment in studies in- volving low and medium velocity bullets. Measurement of the exit velocity of high velocity bullets is unsatisfac- tory in both methods, and it is necessary to improve the Doppler radar method in order to measure that as well. Key words Wound ballistics - Doppler radar Velocity measurement P. J. T. Knudsen (®) Institute of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Kommunehospitalet, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Defence Medical Training Centre, Jgersborg Barracks, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark J. Svender Technical Division, Army Artillery School, Varde Barracks, DK-6800 Varde, Denmark Zusammenfassung Die GeschoBgeschwindigkeit ist ein wichtiger Parameter ballistischer Studien. Ublicherweise ba- siert ihre Berechnung auf der Messung des Implusinter- valls zwischen massiven oder fotoelektrischen Barrieren. Das bisher fur die Geschwindigkeitsmessung von Artille- rie-Granaten groBeren Kalibers eingesetzte Doppler-Ra- dar wurde fur die Bestimmung der Ein- und Ausschullge- schwindingkeit bei wundballistischen Experimenten ge- testet. Es wurden Schtisse auf anasthesierte Schweine aus neun bis 10 Meter Entfernung abgegeben. Die MeBer- gebnisse der fotoelektrischen und der Doppler-Radar- methode wurden verglichen. Es ergab sich sehr gute Uber- einstimmung der mit beiden Methoden gemessenen Ge- schwindigkeiten bei Untersuchungen von Geschossen niedriger und mittlerer Geschwindigkeit. Die mittlere Ab- weichung lag hier unter 1%. Ubereinstimmung erhab sich auch beziiglich der Eintrittsgeschwindigkeit von Hochge- schwindigkeitsgeschossen. Erhebliche Abweichungen re- sultierten bei der Messung der Austrittsgeschwindingkeit von Hochgeschwindigkeitsgeschossen. Die Differenzen werden mit der Geschol3abweichung und durch die aus der Ausschullwunde herausgeschleuderte Gewebsfragmente erklart. Vorteile der Doppler-Radarmessung gegenuber der fotoelektrischen Messung bei Untersuchungen von Ge- schossen niedriger und mittlerer Geschwindigkeit sind die sehr gute Prazision, die einfache Untersuchungsvorrich- tung und das minimale Zerstorungsrisiko durch verirrte Geschosse. Die Geschwindigkeitsmessung von Hochge- schwindigkeitsgeschossen ist mit beiden Methoden unbe- friedigend. Schlusselworter Wundballistik Doppler Radar - Ge- schwindingkeitsmessung Introduction Bullet velocity has always been one of the fundamental parameters in wound ballistics (Sellier and Kneubuehl 1992). Solid barriers, high-speed photography, photocells and coils for measuring velocity have a number of practi-

What Is HeinOnline?

HeinOnline is a subscription-based resource containing thousands of academic and legal journals from inception; complete coverage of government documents such as U.S. Statutes at Large, U.S. Code, Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, U.S. Reports, and much more. Documents are image-based, fully searchable PDFs with the authority of print combined with the accessibility of a user-friendly and powerful database. For more information, request a quote or trial for your organization below.



Short-term subscription options include 24 hours, 48 hours, or 1 week to HeinOnline.

Purchase Access

Contact us for annual subscription options:

Contact Us

Already a HeinOnline Subscriber?

Log In

profiles profiles most