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99 Iowa L. Rev. 225 (2013-2014)
Big Data and Pharmacovigilance: Using Health Information Exchanges to Revolutionize Drug Safety

handle is hein.journals/ilr99 and id is 235 raw text is: Big Data and Pharmacovigilance: Using Health Information Exchanges to Revolutionize Drug Safety Ryan Abbott* ABSTRACT: Data on individual patients collected through state and federal health information exchanges has the potential to usher in a new era of drug regulation. These exchanges, produced by recent health care reform legislation, will amass an unprecedented amount of clinical information on drug usage, demographic variables, and patient outcomes. This information could aid the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with post-market drug surveillance because it more accurately reflects clinical practice outcomes than the trials the FDA relies upon for drug approval. However, even with this data available, the market-driven impetus to use it to police drugs is weak. This is fixable; the post-market drug regulatory process needs new incentives to boost third party participation. While a variety of mechanisms could achieve this, the best option for generating robust results may be an administrative bounty proceeding that will allow third parties to submit evidence to the FDA to contest the claimed safety and efficacy profiles of drugs already on the market. This Article uses a case study of Merck's former blockbuster drug Vioxx to demonstrate how this system might work. In creating a new incentive that counters the powerful financial motivation of drug manufacturers to obscure or misrepresent safety profiles, the proposed bounty proceeding could lead to an improved balance of the risks and benefits of drugs used by the American public. More broadly, this Article illustrates how to create an incentive for the private sector to supplement regulatory activity in a complex field. * Associate Professor, Southwestern Law School & Visiting Assistant Professor, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles. M.D., University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 2011; J.D., Yale Law School, 2011; M.T.O.M., Emperor's College, 2005; B.S., University of California, Los Angeles, 2005. Thanks to Ian Ayres, Einer Elhauge, Barbara Evans, Jennifer Herbst, Carissa Hessick, Bonnie Kaplan, Reichi Lee, Arthur McEvoy, Eric Orts, Jerome Reichman, William Sage, Mark Seidenfeld, Elizabeth Sepper, and Sean Williams for their thoughtful reviews. Thanks also to Anna Aran and Danielle Doumar for their excellent research assistance. 225

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